Related papers: Plasma Sources and Diagnostics
Ion sources are key components of accelerators devoted to different types of medical applications: hadron-therapy facilities (accelerating protons or carbon ions), high-intensity accelerators for boron-neutron capture therapy (using intense…
A good vacuum performance in particle accelerators is vital for their successful operation. The reasons why a good vacuum is needed, together with the basics of vacuum physics and technology and the main gas sources inside the vacuum…
The physical processes at the interface of a low-temperature plasma and a solid are extremely complex. They involve a huge number of elementary processes in the plasma, in the solid as well as charge, momentum and energy transfer across the…
Gas load and pumping determine the quality of vacuum systems. In particle accelerators, once leaks are excluded, outgassing of materials is an important source of gas together with degassing induced by particle beams. Understanding,…
A near-hollow plasma channel, where the plasma density in the channel is much less than the plasma density in the walls, is proposed to provide independent control over the focusing and accelerating forces in a plasma accelerator. In this…
The Ferromagnetic Inductively Coupled Plasma (FICP) source, which is a version of the common inductively coupled plasma sources, has a number of well known advantages such as high efficiency, high level of ionization, low minimal gas…
The emission of multi-MeV ($\gamma$-ray) photons from the interaction of a high-powered laser pulse with a dense plasma target is studied using particle-in-cell simulations. A new set of diagnostic techniques is presented and applied to…
Due to its unique advantages, wakefield particle acceleration has been proposed as a promising pathway toward a 10 TeV collider. Several concepts, including Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA), Plasma Wakefield Acceleration (PWFA), and…
We discuss the outstanding issues of the interstellar medium which will depend on the application of knowledge from plasma physics. We particularly advocate attention to recent developments in experimental plasma physics, and urge that the…
We use analytical methods and particle-in-cell simulation to investigate the origin of electrons accelerated by the process of direct laser acceleration driven by high-power laser pulses in preformed narrow cylindrical plasma channels. The…
In the past decades, beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) experiments have seen remarkable progress by using high-energy particle beams such as electron, positron and proton beams to drive wakes in neutral gas or pre-ionized…
The term "Active Plasma Resonance Spectroscopy" refers to a class of diagnostic methods which employ the ability of plasmas to resonate on or near the plasma frequency. The basic idea dates back to the early days of discharge physics: An…
Data science and technology offer transformative tools and methods to science. This review article highlights latest development and progress in the interdisciplinary field of data-driven plasma science (DDPS). A large amount of data and…
Studies on the interaction of plasma generated at atmospheric pressure and at room temperature (low temperature plasma or just cold plasma) with biological cells and tissues have revealed that cold plasma has therapeutic effects that form…
Collisionless shocks are pervasive in astrophysics and they are critical to understand cosmic ray acceleration. Laboratory experiments with intense lasers are now opening the way to explore and characterise the underlying microphysics,…
The dense plasma focus is a plasma discharge powered by a capacitor bank. Standard diagnostics include measurement of the time derivative of the current through and the voltage across its connections with the capacitor bank. Interpretation…
This lesson discusses many examples of how the signals from the beam monitors are used to diagnose the beam in circular, third-generation synchrotron light sources. During the school, diagnostic examples in other machines (e.g. colliders,…
The analysis and modelling of a range of plasmas (for example: astrophysical, laser-produced and fusion), require atomic data for a number of parameters, such as energy levels, radiative rates and electron impact excitation rates, or…
Synchrotron radiation sources are immensely useful tools for scientific researches and many practical applications. Currently, the state-of-the-art synchrotrons rely on conventional accelerators, where electrons are accelerated in a…
A core level of basic information for physics is identified, based on an analysis of the characteristics of the parameters space, time, mass and charge. At this level, it is found that certain symmetries operate, which can be used to…