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Accurate and timely weather forecasts are critical for high-impact decisions in modern society. Machine-learning-based weather prediction is emerging as an alternative for producing initial conditions, forecasts, and even both in end-to-end…

Weather radar data are critical for nowcasting and an integral component of numerical weather prediction models. While weather radar data provide valuable information at high resolution, their ground-based nature limits their availability,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Çağlar Küçük , Apostolos Giannakos , Stefan Schneider , Alexander Jann

Accurate ocean forecasting systems are essential for understanding marine dynamics, which play a crucial role in sectors such as shipping, aquaculture, environmental monitoring, and coastal risk management. Traditional numerical solvers,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Daniel Holmberg , Emanuela Clementi , Italo Epicoco , Teemu Roos

High-resolution climatic data are essential to many applications in environmental research. Here we develop a new semi-mechanistic downscaling approach for daily precipitation that incorporates high resolution (30 arc sec) satellite-derived…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Dirk Nikolaus Karger , Adam M. Wilson , Colin Mahony , Niklaus E. Zimmermann , Walter Jetz

Meteorological agencies around the world rely on real-time flood guidance to issue life-saving advisories and warnings. For decades traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models have been state-of-the-art for precipitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Levi Harris , Tianlong Chen

AI-based systems, such as Google's GenCast, have recently redefined the state of the art in weather forecasting, offering more accurate and timely predictions of both everyday weather and extreme events. While these systems are on the verge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Erik Imgrund , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Konrad Rieck

Climate change has been a common interest and the forefront of crucial political discussion and decision-making for many years. Shallow clouds play a significant role in understanding the Earth's climate, but they are challenging to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-13 Tashin Ahmed , Noor Hossain Nuri Sabab

This paper presents a new precipitation dataset that is daily, has a spatial resolution of one degree on a quasi-global scale, and spans more than 42 years, using machine learning techniques. The ultimate goal of this dataset is to provide…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Hiroshi G. Takahashi

Clouds and haze often occlude optical satellite images, hindering continuous, dense monitoring of the Earth's surface. Although modern deep learning methods can implicitly learn to ignore such occlusions, explicit cloud removal as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Patrick Ebel , Vivien Sainte Fare Garnot , Michael Schmitt , Jan Dirk Wegner , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Accurate flood detection from visual data is a critical step toward improving disaster response and risk assessment, yet datasets for flood segmentation remain scarce due to the challenges of collecting and annotating large-scale imagery.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Georgios Simantiris , Konstantinos Bacharidis , Apostolos Papanikolaou , Petros Giannakakis , Costas Panagiotakis

Accurate and timely estimation of precipitation is critical for issuing hazard warnings (e.g., for flash floods or landslides). Current remotely sensed precipitation products have a few hours of latency, associated with the acquisition and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Mohammad Reza Ehsani , Ariyan Zarei , Hoshin V. Gupta , Kobus Barnard , Ali Behrangi

Designing early warning system for precipitation requires accurate short-term forecasting system. Climate change has led to an increase in frequency of extreme weather events, and hence such systems can prevent disasters and loss of life.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Ajitabh Kumar

Clouds classification is a great challenge in meteorological research. The different types of clouds, currently known and present in our skies, can produce radioactive effects that impact on the variation of atmospheric conditions, with the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Mario Manzo , Simone Pellino

Advanced satellite-born remote sensing instruments produce high-resolution multi-spectral data for much of the globe at a daily cadence. These datasets open up the possibility of improved understanding of cloud dynamics and feedback, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Takuya Kurihana , Elisabeth Moyer , Rebecca Willett , Davis Gilton , Ian Foster

Precipitation nowcasting is of great importance for weather forecast users, for activities ranging from outdoor activities and sports competitions to airport traffic management. In contrast to long-term precipitation forecasts which are…

This paper presents a solution to the Weather4Cast 2023 competition, where the goal is to forecast high-resolution precipitation with an 8-hour lead time using lower-resolution satellite radiance images. We propose a simple, yet effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Rafael Pablos Sarabia , Joachim Nyborg , Morten Birk , Ira Assent

This paper presents a multilevel hierarchical framework for the classification of weather conditions and hazard prediction. In recent years, the importance of data has grown significantly, with various types like text, numbers, images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Harish Neelam

Imaging the atmosphere using ground-based sky cameras is a popular approach to study various atmospheric phenomena. However, it usually focuses on the daytime. Nighttime sky/cloud images are darker and noisier, and thus harder to analyze.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Soumyabrata Dev , Florian M. Savoy , Yee Hui Lee , Stefan Winkler

Convection (thunderstorm) develops rapidly within hours and is highly destructive, posing a significant challenge for nowcasting and resulting in substantial losses to infrastructure and society. After the emergence of artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Kuai Dai , Xutao Li , Junying Fang , Yunming Ye , Demin Yu , Hui Su , Di Xian , Danyu Qin , Jingsong Wang

About half of all optical observations collected via spaceborne satellites are affected by haze or clouds. Consequently, cloud coverage affects the remote sensing practitioner's capabilities of a continuous and seamless monitoring of our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Patrick Ebel , Yajin Xu , Michael Schmitt , Xiaoxiang Zhu