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For optical communication, information is converted between optical and electrical signal domains at a high rate. The devices to achieve such a conversion are various types of electro-optical modulators and photodetectors. These two types…
Rapidly growing demands for fast information processing have launched a race for creating compact and highly efficient optical devices that can reliably transmit signals without losses. Recently discovered topological phases of light…
An optical equivalent of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is of great interest to large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Previous programmable photonic devices relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect…
In this article, a few-layered graphene-dielectric multilayer (metamaterial) electro-optic modulator has been proposed in the mid and far infrared range that works on electro-absorption mechanism. Graphene, both mono layer and few layer, is…
Dynamic wavelength tunability has long been the holy grail of photodetector technology. Because of its atomic thickness and unique properties, graphene opens up new paradigms to realize this concept, but so far this has been elusive…
The ultrafast response and broadband absorption of all-optical graphene switches are highly desirable features for on-chip photonic switching. However, because graphene is an atomically thin material, its absorption of guided optical modes…
In this paper we report phase modulation obtained by inducing a capacitive charge on graphene layers embedded in the core of a waveguide. There is a biasing regime in which graphene absorption is negligible but large index variations can be…
The rise of artificial intelligence has triggered exponential growth in data volume, demanding rapid and efficient processing. High-speed, energy-efficient, and parallel-scalable computing hardware is thus increasingly critical. We…
The microelectronics industry is pushing the fundamental limit on the physical size of individual elements to produce faster and more powerful integrated chips. These chips have nanoscale features that dissipate power resulting in nanoscale…
Actively tunable photonic devices are vital for next-generation optoelectronics requiring rapid switching and high bandwidth. Although organic optoelectronic devices have found wide application, their use as optical modulators has been…
Chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) offer new paradigms for programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) thanks to their zero static energy and significant refractive index contrast. However, prototypical PCMs, such as GeSbTe…
Graphene is an ideal material for integrated nonlinear optics thanks to its strong light-matter interaction and large nonlinear optical susceptibility. Graphene has been used in optical modulators, saturable absorbers, nonlinear frequency…
Integrated visible photonic engines for solid-state quantum defects provide a foundation for scalable quantum networks. While miniaturization is advancing, active manipulation remains limited by the difficulty of achieving simultaneous…
Thin-film periodically poled lithium niobate (TF-PPLN) devices have recently gained prominence for efficient wavelength conversion processes in both classical and quantum applications. However, the patterning and poling of TF-PPLN devices…
Graphene has emerged as an ultrafast photonic material for on-chip all-optical modulation. However, its atomic thickness limits its interaction with guided optical modes, which results in a high switching energy per bit or low modulation…
Optical phase shifters are extensively used in integrated optics not only for telecom and datacom applications, but also for sensors and quantum computing. While various active solutions have been demonstrated, progress in passive phase…
We develop a thermally tunable hybrid photonic platform comprising gallium arsenide (GaAs) photonic crystal cavities, silicon nitride (SiN$_x$) grating couplers and waveguides, and chromium (Cr) microheaters on an integrated photonic chip.…
Integrated photonic devices operating via optical nonlinearities offer a powerful solution for all optical information processing, yielding processing speeds that are well beyond that of electronic processing as well as providing the added…
Structural colors generated due to light scattering from static all-dielectric metasurfaces have successfully enabled high-resolution, high-saturation and wide-gamut color printing applications. Despite recent advances, most demonstrations…
Optical metasurfaces have been enabling reduced footprint and power consumption, as well as faster speeds, in the context of analog computing and image processing. While various image processing and optical computing functionalities have…