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Overparameterized transformer networks have obtained state of the art results in various natural language processing tasks, such as machine translation, language modeling, and question answering. These models contain hundreds of millions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Angela Fan , Edouard Grave , Armand Joulin

This work builds together two popular blocks of neural architecture, namely convolutional layers and Transformers, for large language models (LLMs). Non-causal conformers are used ubiquitously in automatic speech recognition. This work aims…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Prateek Verma

Modern language models (LMs) have significantly advanced generative modeling in natural language processing (NLP). Despite their success, LMs often struggle with adaptation to new contexts in real-time applications. A promising approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hieu Trung Nguyen , Bao Nguyen , Binh Nguyen , Viet Anh Nguyen

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), \textit{e.g.} CLIP, have become essential tools in multimodal transfer learning. However, fine-tuning VLMs in few-shot scenarios poses significant challenges in balancing task-specific adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xiang Lin , Weixin Li , Shu Guo , Lihong Wang , Di Huang

Neural NLP models are increasingly accurate but are imperfect and opaque---they break in counterintuitive ways and leave end users puzzled at their behavior. Model interpretation methods ameliorate this opacity by providing explanations for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Eric Wallace , Jens Tuyls , Junlin Wang , Sanjay Subramanian , Matt Gardner , Sameer Singh

The Transformer is an extremely powerful and prominent deep learning architecture. In this work, we challenge the commonly held belief in deep learning that going deeper is better, and show an alternative design approach that is building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Jason Ross Brown , Yiren Zhao , Ilia Shumailov , Robert D Mullins

Embedding layers in transformer-based NLP models typically account for the largest share of model parameters, scaling with vocabulary size but not yielding performance gains proportional to scale. We propose an alternative approach in which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Henry Ndubuaku , Mouad Talhi

Software Engineering (SE) Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), such as CodeBERT, are pre-trained on large code corpora, and their learned knowledge has shown success in transferring into downstream tasks (e.g., code clone detection) through…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Iman Saberi , Fatemeh Fard , Fuxiang Chen

When existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) solutions are intended to be used for new knowledge domains, it is necessary to update their encoders, which are taken to be pretrained large language models (LLMs). However, fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Marijan Fofonjka , Shahryar Zehtabi , Alireza Behtash , Tyler Mauer , David Stout

The current standard approach for fine-tuning transformer-based language models includes a fixed number of training epochs and a linear learning rate schedule. In order to obtain a near-optimal model for the given downstream task, a search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Felix Stollenwerk

The growing capabilities of transformer models pave the way for solving increasingly complex NLP tasks. A key to supporting application-specific requirements is the ability to fine-tune. However, compiling a fine-tuning dataset tailored to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Solveig Helland , Elena Gavagnin , Alexandre de Spindler

Small language models (SLMs) have attracted considerable attention from both academia and industry due to their broad range of applications in edge devices. To obtain SLMs with strong performance, conventional approaches either pre-train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Rui Pan , Shivanshu Shekhar , Boyao Wang , Shizhe Diao , Jipeng Zhang , Xingyuan Pan , Renjie Pi , Tong Zhang

The scale, variety, and quantity of publicly-available NLP datasets has grown rapidly as researchers propose new tasks, larger models, and novel benchmarks. Datasets is a community library for contemporary NLP designed to support this…

Modern large language foundation models (LLM) have now entered the daily lives of millions of users. We ask a natural question whether it is possible to customize LLM for every user or every task. From system and industrial economy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jianqiao Wangni

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with vision-language (VL) tasks has been a transformative development in the realm of artificial intelligence, highlighting the potential of LLMs as a versatile general-purpose chatbot.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Vedanshu , MM Tripathi , Bhavnesh Jaint

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive ability in handling reasoning tasks. However, unlike humans who can instinctively adapt their problem-solving strategies to the complexity of task, most LLM-based methods adopt a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jianpeng Zhou , Wanjun Zhong , Yanlin Wang , Jiahai Wang

Processing information locked within clinical health records is a challenging task that remains an active area of research in biomedical NLP. In this work, we evaluate a broad set of machine learning techniques ranging from simple RNNs to…

Real-world applications of natural language processing (NLP) are challenging. NLP models rely heavily on supervised machine learning and require large amounts of annotated data. These resources are often based on language data available in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Farhad Nooralahzadeh

Large pre-trained vision-language (VL) models have shown significant promise in adapting to various downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire network is challenging due to the massive number of model parameters. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jingchen Sun , Jiayu Qin , Zihao Lin , Changyou Chen

Foundation Vision-Language Models (VLMs) trained using large-scale open-domain images and text pairs have recently been adapted to develop Vision-Language Segmentation Models (VLSMs) that allow providing text prompts during inference to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Manish Dhakal , Rabin Adhikari , Safal Thapaliya , Bishesh Khanal