Related papers: Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests

Statistical static timing analysis (SSTA) is studied from the point of view of mathematical optimization. We present two formulations of the problem of finding the critical path delay distribution that were not known before: (i) a…

What can be considered an appropriate statistical method for the primary analysis of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with a time-to-event endpoint when we anticipate non-proportional hazards owing to a delayed effect? This question has…

In medical diagnostics, leveraging multiple biomarkers can significantly improve classification accuracy compared to using a single biomarker. While existing methods based on exponential tilting or density ratio models have shown promise,…

While most treatment evaluations focus on binary interventions, a growing literature also considers continuously distributed treatments. We propose a Cram\'{e}r-von Mises-type test for testing whether the mean potential outcome given a…

Recently the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) has received a mandate for 'the development of common safety methods for assessing the safety level and the safety performance of railway operators at national and Union level'.…

In this paper, we propose a mean score equation-based approach to estimate the the volume under the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) surface (VUS) of a diagnostic test, under nonignorable (NI) verification bias. The proposed…

Epidemiologic studies and clinical trials with a survival outcome are often challenged by immortal time (IMT), a period of follow-up during which the survival outcome cannot occur because of the observed later treatment initiation. It has…

The propensity score analysis is one of the most widely used methods for studying the causal treatment effect in observational studies. This paper studies treatment effect estimation with the method of matching weights. This method…

In observational studies of discrimination, the most common statistical approaches consider either the rate at which decisions are made (benchmark tests) or the success rate of those decisions (outcome tests). Both tests, however, have…

This paper introduces a new property of estimators of the strength of statistical association, which helps characterize how well an estimator will perform in scenarios where dependencies between continuous and discrete random variables need…

Covariate balance is crucial in obtaining unbiased estimates of treatment effects in observational studies. Methods based on inverse probability weights have been widely used to estimate treatment effects with observational data. Machine…

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is increasingly applied in civil engineering. One of its primary purposes is detecting and assessing changes in structure conditions to increase safety and reduce potential maintenance downtime. Recent…

Systems that answer questions by reviewing the scientific literature are becoming increasingly feasible. To draw reliable conclusions, these systems should take into account the quality of available evidence from different studies, placing…

Experimental testing is vital in the optimization of web applications, and as such A/B testing has been widely adopted as a methodology for determining optimal content for many web applications. While some testing platforms provide…

There is a critical need for standard approaches to assess, report, and compare the technical performance of genome-scale differential gene expression experiments. We assess technical performance with a proposed "standard" dashboard of…

The volume under the receiver operating characteristic surface (VUS) is useful for measuring the overall accuracy of a diagnostic test when the possible disease status belongs to one of three ordered categories. In medical studies, the VUS…

Diagnostic test accuracy studies typically report the number of true positives, false positives, true negatives and false negatives. There usually exists a negative association between the number of true positives and true negatives,…

Verification bias is a well known problem when the predictive ability of a diagnostic test has to be evaluated. In this paper, we discuss how to assess the accuracy of continuous-scale diagnostic tests in the presence of verification bias,…

This paper proposes new nonparametric diagnostic tools to assess the asymptotic validity of different treatment effects estimators that rely on the correct specification of the propensity score. We derive a particular restriction relating…

Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the suitability of various heart rate variability (HRV) measures for correctly classifying electrocardiogram records of varying lengths as normal or revealing the presence…