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The latest trends in the adoption of cloud, edge, and distributed computing, as well as a rise in applying AI/ML workloads, have created a need to measure, monitor, and reduce the carbon emissions of these compute-intensive workloads and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jacob Goldverg , Hasibul Jamil , Elvis Rodriguez , Tevfik Kosar

The most recent concern of all people on Earth is the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. The concentration of these gases has risen rapidly over the last century and if the trend continues it can cause many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Samveg Shah , Shubham Thakar , Kashish Jain , Bhavya Shah , Sudhir Dhage

Climate change due to increasing carbon emissions by human activities has been identified as one of the most critical threat to Earth. Carbon neutralization, as a key approach to reverse climate change, has triggered the development of new…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Chien-Sheng Yang , Chien-Chun Huang-Fu , I-Kang Fu

We propose a statistical model to understand people's perception of their carbon footprint. Driven by the observation that few people think of CO2 impact in absolute terms, we design a system to probe people's perception from simple…

Growing awareness of the environmental impact of digital technologies has led to several isolated initiatives to promote sustainable practices. However, despite these efforts, the environmental footprint of generative AI, particularly in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Thomas Le Goff

Despite the new Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive from the European Union, which presses large enterprises to be more transparent about their GHG emissions, and though large technology- or advisory firms might peddle otherwise,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Tom Kennes

While researchers in both industry and academia are racing to build Quantum Computing (QC) platforms with viable performance and functionality, the environmental impacts of this endeavor, such as its carbon footprint, e-waste generation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-14 Nivedita Arora , Prem Kumar

Increased usage of generative AI (GenAI) in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research induces a climate impact from carbon emissions due to energy consumption of the hardware used to develop and run GenAI models and systems. The exact…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Nanna Inie , Jeanette Falk , Raghavendra Selvan

The computations required for deep learning research have been doubling every few months, resulting in an estimated 300,000x increase from 2012 to 2018 [2]. These computations have a surprisingly large carbon footprint [38]. Ironically,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Roy Schwartz , Jesse Dodge , Noah A. Smith , Oren Etzioni

With increased access to data and the advent of computers, the use of statistical tools and numerical simulations is becoming commonplace for ecologists. These approaches help improve our understanding of ecological phenomena and their…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-08 Maxime Clenet , Maxime Dion , F. Guillaume Blanchet

Across the Artificial Intelligence (AI) lifecycle - from hardware to development, deployment, and reuse - burdens span energy, carbon, water, and embodied impacts. Cloud provider tools improve transparency but remain heterogeneous and often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Marcel Rojahn , Marcus Grum

The global climate is experiencing a rapid and unprecedented warming trend. The ICT sector is a notable contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, with its environmental impact continuing to expand. Addressing this issue is vital for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Laura Partanen , Antti Sipila , Md Sanaul Haque , Jari Porras

Prominent works in the field of Natural Language Processing have long attempted to create new innovative models by improving upon previous model training approaches, altering model architecture, and developing more in-depth datasets to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Vivian Liu , Yiqiao Yin

Generative AI is spreading rapidly, creating significant social and economic value while also raising concerns about its high energy use and environmental sustainability. While prior studies have predominantly focused on the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Min-Kyu Kim , Tae-An Yoo , Ji-Bum Chung

As an important step to fulfill the Paris Agreement and achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, the European Commission adopted the most ambitious package of climate impact measures in April 2021 to improve the flow of capital towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-10 You Han , Achintya Gopal , Liwen Ouyang , Aaron Key

Climate science is critical for understanding both the causes and consequences of changes in global temperatures and has become imperative for decisive policy-making. However, climate science studies commonly require addressing complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Juan Carrillo , Daniel Garijo , Mark Crowley , Rober Carrillo , Yolanda Gil , Katherine Borda

Growing global concerns about climate change highlight the need for environmentally sustainable computing. The ecological impact of computing, including operational and embodied, is a key consideration. Field Programmable Gate Arrays…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Chetan Choppali Sudarshan , Aman Arora , Vidya A. Chhabria

Computing is at a moment of profound opportunity. Emerging applications -- such as capable artificial intelligence, immersive virtual realities, and pervasive sensor systems -- drive unprecedented demand for computer. Despite recent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Benjamin C. Lee , David Brooks , Arthur van Benthem , Udit Gupta , Gage Hills , Vincent Liu , Benjamin Pierce , Christopher Stewart , Emma Strubell , Gu-Yeon Wei , Adam Wierman , Yuan Yao , Minlan Yu

In the past ten years, artificial intelligence has encountered such dramatic progress that it is now seen as a tool of choice to solve environmental issues and in the first place greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). At the same time the deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Anne-Laure Ligozat , Julien Lefèvre , Aurélie Bugeau , Jacques Combaz

As of 2022, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions reporting and auditing are not yet compulsory for all companies and methodologies of measurement and estimation are not unified. We propose a machine learning-based model to estimate scope 1 and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Jeremi Assael , Thibaut Heurtebize , Laurent Carlier , François Soupé