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Internet of Things (IoT) based applications face an increasing number of potential security risks, which need to be systematically assessed and addressed. Expert-based manual assessment of IoT security is a predominant approach, which is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Xuanyu Duan , Mengmeng Ge , Triet H. M. Le , Faheem Ullah , Shang Gao , Xuequan Lu , M. Ali Babar

The Internet of Things (IoT) integrates billions of smart devices that can communicate with one another with minimal human intervention. It is one of the fastest developing fields in the history of computing, with an estimated 50 billion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Mohammed Ali Al-Garadi , Amr Mohamed , Abdulla Al-Ali , Xiaojiang Du , Mohsen Guizani

Log analysis is a relevant research field in cybersecurity as they can provide a source of information for the detection of threats to networks and systems. This paper presents a pipeline to use fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Jorge J. Tejero-Fernández , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

Industrial control systems (ICS) are vital to modern infrastructure but increasingly vulnerable to cybersecurity threats, particularly through weaknesses in their communication protocols. This paper presents MALF (Multi-Agent LLM Fuzzing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Bowei Ning , Xuejun Zong , Kan He

Attack trees are important for security, as they help to identify weaknesses and vulnerabilities in a system. Quantitative attack tree analysis supports a number security metrics, which formulate important KPIs such as the shortest, most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Thi Kim Nhung Dang , Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Mariëlle Stoelinga

Timely identification of issue reports reflecting software vulnerabilities is crucial, particularly for Internet-of-Things (IoT) where analysis is slower than non-IoT systems. While Machine Learning (ML) and Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Sogol Masoumzadeh

Implementations of network protocols are often prone to vulnerabilities caused by developers' mistakes when accessing memory regions and dealing with arithmetic operations. Finding practical approaches for checking the security of network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Kaled Alshmrany , Lucas Cordeiro

Network protocols are the foundation of modern communication, yet their implementations often contain semantic vulnerabilities stemming from inadequate understanding of specification semantics. Existing gray-box and black-box testing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yanbang Sun , Quan Luo , Yuelin Wang , Qian Chen , Benjin Liu , Ruiqi Chen , Qing Huang , Xiaohong Li , Junjie Wang

Fuzzing is utilized for testing software and systems for cybersecurity risk via the automated adaptation of inputs. It facilitates the identification of software bugs and misconfigurations that may create vulnerabilities, cause abnormal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jack Hance , Jeremy Straub

The rise of new complex attacks scenarios in Internet of things (IoT) environments necessitate more advanced and intelligent cyber defense techniques such as various Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) which are responsible for detecting and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Afrah Gueriani , Hamza Kheddar , Ahmed Cherif Mazari

The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing rapidly and so the need of ensuring protection against cybersecurity attacks to IoT devices. In this scenario, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) play a crucial role and data-driven IDSs based on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Jacopo Talpini , Fabio Sartori , Marco Savi

The widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has introduced significant cybersecurity challenges, particularly with the increasing frequency and sophistication of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Satvik Verma , Qun Wang , E. Wes Bethel

Vehicles today comprise intelligent systems like connected autonomous driving and advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) to enhance the driving experience, which is enabled through increased connectivity to infrastructure and fusion of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Modern IoT (Internet of Things) environments with thousands of low-end and diverse IoT nodes with complex interactions among them and often deployed in remote and/or wild locations present some unique challenges that make traditional node…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Khaled Alanezi , Shivakant Mishra

Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) are often evaluated on single datasets, limiting their ability to generalize under distribution drift. Furthermore, their adversarial robustness is typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Zhonghao Zhan , Huichi Zhou , Hamed Haddadi

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized various domains, offering significant benefits through enhanced interconnectivity and data exchange. However, the security challenges associated with IoT networks have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Kim Jae-Dong

Vulnerable software represents a tremendous threat to modern information systems. Vulnerabilities in widespread applications may be used to spread malware, steal money and conduct target attacks. To address this problem, developers and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Maksim Shudrak , Vyacheslav Zolotarev

This work explores the use of machine learning techniques on an Internet-of-Things firmware dataset to detect malicious attempts to infect edge devices or subsequently corrupt an entire network. Firmware updates are uncommon in IoT devices;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Erik Larsen , Korey MacVittie , John Lilly

Existing cyber security solutions have been basically developed using knowledge-based models that often cannot trigger new cyber-attack families. With the boom of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, those…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Nour Moustafa , Marwa Keshk , Essam Debie , Helge Janicke

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) in domains such as smart cities, transportation, and industrial systems has heightened the urgency of addressing their security vulnerabilities. IoT devices often operate under limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jake Lyon , Ehsan Saeedizade , Shamik Sengupta