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Stars form in cold dense cores showing subsonic velocity dispersions. The parental molecular clouds display higher temperatures and supersonic velocity dispersions. The transition from core to cloud has been observed in velocity dispersion,…

The temperature is a central parameter affecting the chemical and physical properties of dense cores of interstellar clouds and their evolution to star formation. The chemistry and the dust properties are temperature dependent and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 M. Juvela , J. Harju , N. Ysard , T. Lunttila

CONTEXT: Dense cores are thought to be isolated from the surrounding cloud. However, observations of streamers and subsonic material outside core boundaries challenges this idea. AIMS: In this study, we aim to probe the extended subsonic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-30 Spandan Choudhury , Jongsoo Kim , Paola Caselli , Chang Won Lee , Jaime E. Pineda

Single-pointing observations of NH$_3$ (1,1) and (2,2) were conducted towards 672 Planck Early Release Cold Cores (ECCs) using the Nanshan 26-m radio telescope. Out of these sources, a detection rate of 37% (249 cores) was achieved, with…

Pre-stellar cores represent the initial conditions in the process of star and planet formation, therefore it is important to study their physical and chemical structure. Because of their volatility, nitrogen-bearing molecules are key to…

Spectral lines of ammonia, NH$_3$, are useful probes of the physical conditions in dense molecular cloud cores. In addition to advantages in spectroscopy, ammonia has also been suggested to be resistant to freezing onto grain surfaces,…

We aim at characterising dense cores in the clustered environments associated with massive star-forming regions. For this, we present an uniform analysis of VLA NH3(1,1) and (2,2) observations towards a sample of 15 massive star-forming…

We report the detection of a wing component in NH$_3$ emission toward the starless core TUKH122 with subthermal turbulence in the Orion A cloud. This NH$_3$ core is suggested to be on the verge of star formation because the turbulence…

The physical structure of hot molecular cores, where forming massive stars have heated up dense dust and gas, but have not yet ionized the molecules, poses a prominent challenge in the research of high-mass star formation and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-07-04 Rainer Rolffs , Peter Schilke , Qizhou Zhang , Luis Zapata

The 23 GHz emission lines from the NH3 rotation inversion transitions are widely used to investigate the kinematics and physical conditions in dense molecular clouds. The line profile is composed of hyperfine components which can be used to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Robeson S. McGary , Paul T. P. Ho

We present results of an extensive mapping survey of N2H+(1-0) in about 60 low mass cloud cores already mapped in the NH3(1,1) inversion transition line. The survey has been carried out at the FCRAO antenna with an angular resolution about…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Paola Caselli , Priscilla J. Benson , Philip C. Myers , Mario Tafalla

We use NH3 inversion transitions to trace the dense gas in the NGC 1333 region of the Perseus molecular cloud. NH3(1,1) and NH3(2,2) maps covering an area of 102 square arcminutes at an angular resolution of ~3.7" are produced by combining…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-15 Arnab Dhabal , Lee G. Mundy , Che-yu Chen , Peter Teuben , Shaye Storm

We report systematic mapping observations of the NH$_{3}$ (1,1) and (2,2) inversion lines towards 62 high-mass star-forming regions using VLA in its D and DnC array configurations. The VLA images cover a spatial dynamic range from 40$"$ to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Xing Lu , Qizhou Zhang , Hauyu Baobab Liu , Junzhi Wang , Qiusheng Gu

The physical properties, evolution, and fragmentation of massive dense cores (MDCs, $\sim$ 0.1 pc) are fundamental pieces in our understanding of high-mass star formation. We aim to characterize the temperature, velocity dispersion, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-07 Xu Zhang , Keping Qiu , Qizhou Zhang , Yue Cao , Yu Cheng , Junhao Liu , Yuwei Wang , Xing Lu , Xing Pan

As a work in progress, results from a chemical and physical analysis of molecular cores in early evolutionary stages concerning star formation are presented. Using archival data from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), a sample of 37…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-06 R. D. Taboada , S. Paron , M. E. Ortega , H. Saldaño

[abridged] We present interferometric maps of ammonia (NH3) of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 [star formation rate: ~2.8 Mo yr^(-1)]. The observations have been taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and include the para-NH3…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Juergen Ott , Axel Weiss , Christian Henkel , Fabian Walter

We present observations of the (1,1), (2,2), (4,4) and (5,5) inversion transitions of para-ammonia (NH3) and 24 GHz continuum, taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array toward 21 southern Galactic hot molecular cores traced by 6.7…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 S. N. Longmore , M. G. Burton , P. J. Barnes , T. Wong , C. R. Purcell , J. Ott

(Abridged) Aims. In the present part of our survey we search for ammonia emitters in the Aquila rift complex which trace the densest regions of molecular clouds. Methods. From a CO survey carried out with the Delingha 14-m telescope we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 S. A. Levshakov , C. Henkel , D. Reimers , M. Wang , R. Mao , H. Wang , Y. Xu

We present ammonia observations of 193 dense cores and core candidates in the Perseus molecular cloud made using the Robert F. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. We simultaneously observed the NH3(1,1), NH3(2,2), CCS (2_1 -> 1_0) and CC34S (2_1 ->…

At a distance of 2.4kpc, W33 is an outstanding massive and luminous 10pc sized star forming complex containing quiescent infrared dark clouds as well as highly active infrared bright cloud cores heated by young massive stars. We report…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-02 K. Tursun , C. Henkel , J. Esimbek , X. D. Tang , T. L. Wilson , A. Malawi , E. Alkhuja , F. Wyrowski , R. Mauersberger , K. Immer , H. Asiri , J. J. Zhou , G. Wu
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