Related papers: Microscopic dynamics of the evacuation phenomena
We investigate a stochastic model hierarchy for pedestrian flow. Starting from a microscopic social force model, where the pedestrians switch randomly between the two states stop-or-go, we derive an associated macroscopic model of…
This paper examines different evacuation strategies for systems where several rooms evacuate trough the same means of egress, using microscopic pedestrian simulation.As a case study, a medium-rise office building is considered. It was found…
Since the development of the original Schelling model of urban segregation, several enhancements have been proposed, but none have considered the impact of mobility constraints on model dynamics. Recent studies have shown that human…
Pedestrians adjust both speed and stride length when they navigate difficult situations such as tight corners or dense crowds. They try to avoid collisions and to preserve their personal space. State-of-the-art pedestrian motion models…
We study the evacuation process from a smoky room by means of experiments and simulations. People in a dark or smoky room are mimicked by ``blind'' students wearing eye masks. The evacuation of the disoriented students from the room is…
Understanding the complex behavior of pedestrians walking in crowds is a challenge for both science and technology. In particular, obtaining reliable models for crowd dynamics, capable of exhibiting qualitatively and quantitatively the…
Pedestrian crowding occurs more frequent. As a result of the increasing pedestrian demand in public space, the limits of pedestrian spaces are of increasing interest. Some research on the maximum demand that can flow through a cross-section…
With the availability of large-scale redshift survey data, it is now becoming possible to explore correlations between large-scale structure and the properties and morphologies of galaxy clusters. We investigate the spatial distributions of…
This research explores the dynamics of the emergency evacuation during the "Running of the Bulls" festival (Spain, 2013). As people run to escape from danger, many pedestrians stumble and fall down, while others will try to pass over them.…
The conjugated forces model (CFM) capable of reproducing bypassing behaviour is proposed and adopted to simulate pedestrian evacuation. Primarily, the concept of collision and evading and surpassing behaviour is particularly defined to…
The trajectories of microswimmers moving in narrow channels of widths comparable to their sizes are significantly altered when they encounter another microswimmer moving in the opposite direction. The consequence of these encounters is a…
The cohesive collective motion (flocking, swarming) of autonomous agents is ubiquitously observed and exploited in both natural and man-made settings, thus, minimal models for its description are essential. In a model with continuous space…
The slow-to-start mechanism is known to play an important role in the particular shape of the Fundamental diagram of traffic and to be associated to hysteresis effects of traffic flow.We study this question in the context of exclusion and…
We study condensation in one-dimensional transport models with a kinetic constraint. The kinetic constraint results in clustering of immobile vehicles; these clusters can grow to macroscopic condensates, indicating the onset of dynamic…
To minimize property loss and death count in terror attacks and other emergent scenarios, attention given to timely and effective evacuation cannot be enough. Due to limited evacuation resource, i.e., number of available exits, there exists…
We study a simple aggregation model that mimics the clustering of traffic on a one-lane roadway. In this model, each ``car'' moves ballistically at its initial velocity until it overtakes the preceding car or cluster. After this encounter,…
In emergency egress crowd behavior critically affects egress efficiency and public safety. By integrating psychological principles to Newtonian motion of crowd, a fluid-based equation is derived in this paper to explore how energy in…
This study integrates pedestrian flow characteristics to formulate a mesoscopic cellular automata model tailored for simulating evacuations in large-scale scenarios. Departing from the conventional planar grid cell division, the model…
We present a study of pedestrian motion along a corridor in a non-panic regime (e.g., schools, hospitals or airports). Such situations have been discussed so far within the Social Force Model (SFM). We suggest to enrich this model by…
The empirical relation between density and velocity of pedestrian movement is not completely analyzed, particularly with regard to the `microscopic' causes which determine the relation at medium and high densities. The simplest system for…