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Our ability to observe, detect, and characterize exoplanetary atmospheres has grown by leaps and bounds over the last 20 years, aided largely by developments in astronomical instrumentation; improvements in data analysis techniques; and an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-17 Nikolai Piskunov , Adam D. Rains , Linn Boldt-Christmas

Thermal mode spectroscopy (TMS) has been recently proposed for accurately measuring thermal diffusivity of solids from a temperature decay rate of a specific thermal mode selected by three- dimensional (anti)nodal information [Phys. Rev.…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-06-29 Hideshi Ishida , Hirotsugu Ogi

Reconstructing an image from its Radon transform is a fundamental computed tomography (CT) task arising in applications such as X-ray scans. In many practical scenarios, a full 180-degree scan is not feasible, or there is a desire to reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ilmari Vahteristo , Zhi-Song Liu , Andreas Rupp

We present a nonlinear Bayesian tomographic framework for Doppler spectral imaging that enables simultaneous reconstruction of emissivity, ion temperature, and flow velocity from line-integrated spectra. The method employs nonlinear…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Kenji Ueda , Masaki. Nishiura

This paper investigates three spectroscopic techniques - Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS), and Heterodyne Phase Sensitive Dispersion Spectroscopy (HPSDS) - to evaluate their…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-04-02 Iskander Gazizov , Davide Pinto , Harald Moser , Savda Sam , Pedro Martin-Mateos , Liam O'Faolain , Bernhard Lendl

Recently, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been achieving impressive results on wide range of tasks. However, they suffer from being well-calibrated. In decision-making applications, such as autonomous driving or medical diagnosing, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Azadeh Sadat Mozafari , Hugo Siqueira Gomes , Wilson Leão , Steeven Janny , Christian Gagné

Accurate measurements of the cross-plane thermal conductivity {\Lambda}_cross of a high-thermal-conductivity thin film on a low-thermal-conductivity ({\Lambda}_s) substrate (e.g., {\Lambda}_cross/{\Lambda}_s>20) are challenging, due to the…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-18 Puqing Jiang , Bin Huang , Yee Kan Koh

It is proposed to use apertures with large acceptance angles to reduce the integration time when studying the emissivity of laser induced plasmas by means of the Abel inversion method. The spatial resolution lost due to contributions of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2010-08-02 Sergei Shabanov , Igor Gornushkin

Depth maps captured by modern depth cameras such as Kinect and Time-of-Flight (ToF) are usually contaminated by missing data, noises and suffer from being of low resolution. In this paper, we present a robust method for high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-29 Wei Liu , Yun Gu , Chunhua Shen , Xiaogang Chen , Qiang Wu , Jie Yang

The noise in absorption imaging of cold atoms significantly impacts measurement accuracy across a range of applications with ultracold atoms. It is crucial to adopt an approach that offers effective denoising capabilities without…

Electron tomography is becoming an increasingly important tool in materials science for studying the three-dimensional morphologies and chemical compositions of nanostructures. The image quality obtained by many current algorithms is…

Existing time-resolved non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging methods reconstruct hidden scenes by inverting the optical paths of indirect illumination measured at visible relay surfaces. These methods are prone to reconstruction artifacts due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Kiseok Choi , Inchul Kim , Dongyoung Choi , Julio Marco , Diego Gutierrez , Min H. Kim

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a novel technology that allows sampling of the seismic wavefield densely over a broad frequency band. This makes it an ideal tool for surface wave studies. In this study, we evaluate the potential of…

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging aims to reconstruct the three-dimensional hidden scenes from the data measured in the line-of-sight, which uses photon time-of-flight information encoded in light after multiple diffuse reflections. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Rui Ding , Juntian Ye , Qifeng Gao , Feihu Xu , Yuping Duan

Thermo- and photo- acoustic tomography require reconstructing initial acoustic pressure in a body from time series of pressure measured on a surface surrounding the body. For the classical case of free space wave propagation, various…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-23 B. Holman , L. Kunyansky

Robustness of deep learning methods for limited angle tomography is challenged by two major factors: a) due to insufficient training data the network may not generalize well to unseen data; b) deep learning methods are sensitive to noise.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-29 Yixing Huang , Alexander Preuhs , Guenter Lauritsch , Michael Manhart , Xiaolin Huang , Andreas Maier

The problem of image reconstruction in thermoacoustic tomography requires inversion of a generalized Radon transform, which integrates the unknown function over circles in 2D or spheres in 3D. The paper investigates implementation of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gaik Ambartsoumian , Sarah K. Patch

The collection of ecological data in the field is essential to diagnose, monitor and manage ecosystems in a sustainable way. Since acquisition of this information through traditional methods are generally time-consuming, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ion Ciobotari , Adriana Príncipe , Maria Alexandra Oliveira , João Nuno Silva

Absorption spectroscopy is traditionally used to determine the average gas temperature and species concentration along the laser line-of-sight by measuring the magnitude of two or more absorption transitions with different temperature…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-12-01 Nathan A Malarich , Gregory B Rieker

Anomaly detection in medical images is challenging due to limited annotations and a domain gap compared to natural images. Existing reconstruction methods often rely on frozen pre-trained encoders, which limits adaptation to domain-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Luhu Li , Bowen Lin , Mukhtiar Khan , Shujun Fu