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Combinatorial optimization problems are computationally hard in general, but they are ubiquitous in our modern life. A coherent Ising machine (CIM) based on a multiple-pulse degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) is an alternative…

Gain-dissipative systems of various physical origin have recently shown the ability to act as analogue minimisers of hard combinatorial optimisation problems. Whether or not these proposals will lead to any advantage in performance over the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-23 Kirill P. Kalinin , Alberto Amo , Jacqueline Bloch , Natalia G. Berloff

The commercial and industrial demand for the solution of hard combinatorial optimization problems push forward the development of efficient solvers. One of them is the Ising machine which can solve combinatorial problems mapped to Ising…

To tackle challenging combinatorial optimization problems, analog computing machines based on the nature-inspired Ising model are attracting increasing attentions in order to disruptively overcome the impending limitations on conventional…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Xin Ye , Wenjia Zhang , Shaomeng Wang , Xiaoxuan Yang , Zuyuan He

We demonstrate tunable dissipative interactions between optically trapped exciton-polariton condensates. We apply annular shaped nonresonant optical beams to both generate and confine each condensate to their respective traps, pinning their…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-08 Stella L. Harrison , Helgi Sigurdsson , Pavlos G. Lagoudakis

In this work, we experimentally demonstrate an integrated circuit (IC) of 30 relaxation oscillators with reconfigurable capacitive coupling to solve the NP-Hard Maximum Cut (Max-Cut) problem. We show that under the influence of an external…

The combinatorial problem Max-Cut has become a benchmark in the evaluation of local search heuristics for both quantum and classical optimisers. In contrast to local search, which only provides average-case performance guarantees, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-27 D. A. Herrera-Martí , E. Guthmuller , J. Fereyre

A degenerate optical parametric oscillator network is proposed to solve the NP-hard problem of finding a ground state of the Ising model. The underlying operating mechanism originates from the bistable output phase of each oscillator and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Zhe Wang , Alireza Marandi , Kai Wen , Robert L. Byer , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Exact solution of hard combinatorial optimization problems often relies on strong convex relaxations, but solving these relaxations repeatedly inside a branch-and-bound algorithm can be prohibitively expensive. Hence, we consider this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hao Chen , Chendi Qian , Christopher Morris , Andrea Lodi , Can Li

Recently several gain-dissipative platforms based on the networks of optical parametric oscillators, lasers, and various non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates have been proposed and realised as analogue Hamiltonian simulators for…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-11-16 Kirill P. Kalinin , Natalia G. Berloff

Combinatorial optimization problems are pervasive across science and industry. Modern deep learning tools are poised to solve these problems at unprecedented scales, but a unifying framework that incorporates insights from statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Martin J. A. Schuetz , J. Kyle Brubaker , Helmut G. Katzgraber

A non-equilibrium open-dissipative neural network, such as a coherent Ising machine based on mutually coupled optical parametric oscillators, has been proposed and demonstrated as a novel computing machine for hard combinatorial…

Gain-dissipative platforms consisting of lasers, optical parametric oscillators and nonequilibrium condensates operating at the condensation/coherence threshold have been recently proposed as efficient analog simulators of 2-local spin…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-02-10 Nikita Stroev , Natalia G. Berloff

We present a new way to make Ising machines, i.e., using networks of coupled self-sustaining nonlinear oscillators. Our scheme is theoretically rooted in a novel result that establishes that the phase dynamics of coupled oscillator systems,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Tianshi Wang , Jaijeet Roychowdhury

Many physical systems with the dynamical evolution that at its steady state gives a solution to optimization problems were proposed and realized as promising alternatives to conventional computing. Systems of oscillators such as coherent…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2022-07-26 Marvin Syed , Natalia G. Berloff

Machine learning software applications are nowadays ubiquitous in many fields of science and society for their outstanding capability of solving computationally vast problems like the recognition of patterns and regularities in big…

The equivalence between the natural minimization of energy in a dynamical system and the minimization of an objective function characterizing a combinatorial optimization problem offers a promising approach to designing dynamical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Antik Mallick , Mohammad Khairul Bashar , Zongli Lin , Nikhil Shukla

The phase and the frequency of an exciton polariton condensate excited by a nonresonant pump can be efficiently manipulated by an external coherent light. Being tuned close to the resonance with the condensate eigenfrequency, the external…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-12-07 I. Y. Chestnov , A. V. Kanokin , A. V. Yulin

The mining in physics and biology for accelerating the hardcore algorithm to solve non-deterministic polynomial (NP) hard problems has inspired a great amount of special-purpose ma-chine models. Ising machine has become an efficient solver…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Wenchen Sun , Wenjia Zhang , Yuanyuan Liu , Qingwen Liu , Zuyuan He

A lattice of locally bistable driven-dissipative cavity polaritons is found theoretically to effectively simulate the Ising model, also enabling an effective transverse field. We benchmark the system performance for spin glass problems, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 O. Kyriienko , H. Sigurdsson , T. C. H. Liew
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