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A class is used in object oriented programming to describe each object in the system. It is as a template contains the methods and attributes for each object. The volume of information within the class has a role in the time required for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-02-26 Haneen Abu Alfeilat

Data visualization should be accessible for all analysts with data, not just the few with technical expertise. Visualization recommender systems aim to lower the barrier to exploring basic visualizations by automatically generating results…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Kevin Z. Hu , Michiel A. Bakker , Stephen Li , Tim Kraska , César A. Hidalgo

The ability to compare complex systems can provide new insight into the fundamental nature of the processes captured in ways that are otherwise inaccessible to observation. Here, we introduce the $n$-tangle method to directly compare two…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-11-27 Lazaros K. Gallos , Nina H. Fefferman

Contrastive learning has revolutionized the field of computer vision, learning rich representations from unlabeled data, which generalize well to diverse vision tasks. Consequently, it has become increasingly important to explain these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Fawaz Sammani , Boris Joukovsky , Nikos Deligiannis

In this paper, we investigate the use of an unsupervised label clustering technique and demonstrate that it enables substantial improvements in visual relationship prediction accuracy on the Person in Context (PIC) dataset. We propose to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Hsuan-Kung Yang , An-Chieh Cheng , Kuan-Wei Ho , Tsu-Jui Fu , Chun-Yi Lee

Visualization recommendation seeks to generate, score, and recommend to users useful visualizations automatically, and are fundamentally important for exploring and gaining insights into a new or existing dataset quickly. In this work, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Xin Qian , Ryan A. Rossi , Fan Du , Sungchul Kim , Eunyee Koh , Sana Malik , Tak Yeon Lee , Joel Chan

We report results from an experiment on ranking visual markers and node positioning techniques for network visualizations. Inspired by prior ranking studies, we rethink the ranking when the dataset size increases and when the markers are…

Graphics · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Guohao Zhang , Alexander P. Auchus , Peter Kochunov , Niklas Elmqvist , Jian Chen

Network clustering requires making many decisions manually, such as the number of groups and a statistical model to be used. Even after filtering using an information criterion or regularizing with a nonparametric framework, we are commonly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Chihiro Noguchi , Tatsuro Kawamoto

The increasing impact of black box models, and particularly of unsupervised ones, comes with an increasing interest in tools to understand and interpret them. In this paper, we consider in particular how to characterise visual groupings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Iro Laina , Ruth C. Fong , Andrea Vedaldi

Cloud-based visualization services have made visual analytics accessible to a much wider audience than ever before. Systems such as Tableau have started to amass increasingly large repositories of analytical knowledge in the form of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Michael Oppermann , Robert Kincaid , Tamara Munzner

Humans should be able work more effectively with artificial intelligence-based systems when they can predict likely failures and form useful mental models of how the systems work. We conducted a study of human's mental models of artificial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Kimberly Glasgow , Jonathan Kopecky , John Gersh , Adam Crego

While the need for well-trained, fair ML systems is increasing ever more, measuring fairness for modern models and datasets is becoming increasingly difficult as they grow at an unprecedented pace. One key challenge in scaling common…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Alex Bäuerle , Aybuke Gul Turker , Ken Burke , Osman Aka , Timo Ropinski , Christina Greer , Mani Varadarajan

In multiclass classification of multidimensional data, the user wants to build a model of the classes to predict the label of unseen data. The model is trained on the data and tested on unseen data with known labels to evaluate its quality.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Michael Aupetit , Ahmed Ali

Judging the similarity of visualizations is crucial to various applications, such as visualization-based search and visualization recommendation systems. Recent studies show deep-feature-based similarity metrics correlate well with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sheng Long , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Emma Alexander , Matthew Kay , Jessica Hullman

This paper investigates contextual word representation models from the lens of similarity analysis. Given a collection of trained models, we measure the similarity of their internal representations and attention. Critically, these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 John M. Wu , Yonatan Belinkov , Hassan Sajjad , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi , James Glass

New proposed models are often compared to state-of-the-art using statistical significance testing. Literature is scarce for classifier comparison using metrics other than accuracy. We present a survey of statistical methods that can be used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Lovedeep Gondara

Categorical data does not have an intrinsic definition of distance or order, and therefore, established visualization techniques for categorical data only allow for a set-based or frequency-based analysis, e.g., through Euler diagrams or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Frederik L. Dennig , Lucas Joos , Patrick Paetzold , Daniela Blumberg , Oliver Deussen , Daniel A. Keim , Maximilian T. Fischer

In deep learning, visualization techniques extract the salient patterns exploited by deep networks for image classification, focusing on single images; no effort has been spent in investigating whether these patterns are systematically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Marco Carletti , Marco Godi , Maedeh Aghaei , Francesco Giuliari , Marco Cristani

We provide a pipeline for calculating, managing and visualising correlations and other pairwise association scores for numerical and categorical data. We present a uniform interface for calculating a plethora of pairwise scores and propose…

Computation · Statistics 2025-11-17 Amit Chinwan , Catherine B. Hurley

Visualization plays a relevant role for discovering patterns in big sets of data. In fact, the most common way to help a human with a pattern interpretation is through a graphic. In 2D/3D virtual environments for procedural training the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Diego Riofrío-Luzcando , Jaime RamÍrez , Cristian Moral , Angélica de Antonio , Marta Berrocal-Lobo