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We present FACADE, a novel probabilistic and geometric framework designed for unsupervised mechanistic anomaly detection in deep neural networks. Its primary goal is advancing the understanding and mitigation of adversarial attacks. FACADE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Dhruv Pai , Andres Carranza , Rylan Schaeffer , Arnuv Tandon , Sanmi Koyejo

Many types of anomaly detection methods have been proposed recently, and applied to a wide variety of fields including medical screening and production quality checking. Some methods have utilized images, and, in some cases, a part of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Minori Narita , Daiki Kimura , Ryuki Tachibana

Face anti-spoofing is crucial to security of face recognition systems. Previous approaches focus on developing discriminative models based on the features extracted from images, which may be still entangled between spoof patterns and real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Ke-Yue Zhang , Taiping Yao , Jian Zhang , Ying Tai , Shouhong Ding , Jilin Li , Feiyue Huang , Haichuan Song , Lizhuang Ma

Anomaly detection (AD) is a crucial machine learning task that aims to learn patterns from a set of normal training samples to identify abnormal samples in test data. Most existing AD studies assume that the training and test data are drawn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tri Cao , Jiawen Zhu , Guansong Pang

The detection of anomalies is essential mining task for the security and reliability in computer systems. Logs are a common and major data source for anomaly detection methods in almost every computer system. They collect a range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Sasho Nedelkoski , Jasmin Bogatinovski , Alexander Acker , Jorge Cardoso , Odej Kao

Modern face recognition systems remain vulnerable to spoofing attempts, including both physical presentation attacks and digital forgeries. Traditionally, these two attack vectors have been handled by separate models, each targeting its own…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Andrei Balykin , Anvar Ganiev , Denis Kondranin , Kirill Polevoda , Nikolai Liudkevich , Artem Petrov

Face recognition has evolved as a widely used biometric modality. However, its vulnerability against presentation attacks poses a significant security threat. Though presentation attack detection (PAD) methods try to address this issue,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Anjith George , Sebastien Marcel

Adversarial robustness poses a critical challenge in the deployment of deep learning models for real-world applications. Traditional approaches to adversarial training and supervised detection rely on prior knowledge of attack types and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Chien Cheng Chyou , Hung-Ting Su , Winston H. Hsu

We present a novel method for image anomaly detection, where algorithms that use samples drawn from some distribution of "normal" data, aim to detect out-of-distribution (abnormal) samples. Our approach includes a combination of encoder and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Nina Tuluptceva , Bart Bakker , Irina Fedulova , Anton Konushin

Unsupervised anomaly detection is a challenging task. Autoencoders (AEs) or generative models are often employed to model the data distribution of normal inputs and subsequently identify anomalous, out-of-distribution inputs by high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yalin Liao , Austin J. Brockmeier

Image anomaly detection consists in finding images with anomalous, unusual patterns with respect to a set of normal data. Anomaly detection can be applied to several fields and has numerous practical applications, e.g. in industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Claudio Piciarelli , Pankaj Mishra , Gian Luca Foresti

Neural network-based anomaly detection methods have shown to achieve high performance. However, they require a large amount of training data for each task. We propose a neural network-based meta-learning method for supervised anomaly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-02 Tomoharu Iwata , Atsutoshi Kumagai

Anomaly detection is an important problem in computer vision; however, the scarcity of anomalous samples makes this task difficult. Thus, recent anomaly detection methods have used only normal images with no abnormal areas for training. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Shinji Yamada , Satoshi Kamiya , Kazuhiro Hotta

Anomaly detection is an important problem that has been well-studied within diverse research areas and application domains. The aim of this survey is two-fold, firstly we present a structured and comprehensive overview of research methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Raghavendra Chalapathy , Sanjay Chawla

Data transformations (e.g. rotations, reflections, and cropping) play an important role in self-supervised learning. Typically, images are transformed into different views, and neural networks trained on tasks involving these views produce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Chen Qiu , Timo Pfrommer , Marius Kloft , Stephan Mandt , Maja Rudolph

Graph-based anomaly detection has been widely used for detecting malicious activities in real-world applications. Existing attempts to address this problem have thus far focused on structural feature engineering or learning in the binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Bo Chen , Jing Zhang , Xiaokang Zhang , Yuxiao Dong , Jian Song , Peng Zhang , Kaibo Xu , Evgeny Kharlamov , Jie Tang

With the increase in the learning capability of deep convolution-based architectures, various applications of such models have been proposed over time. In the field of anomaly detection, improvements in deep learning opened new prospects of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Jin-Ha Lee , Marcella Astrid , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Seung-Ik Lee

Pathological anomalies exhibit diverse appearances in medical imaging, making it difficult to collect and annotate a representative amount of data required to train deep learning models in a supervised setting. Therefore, in this work, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-18 Mariana-Iuliana Georgescu

Semi-supervised Learning plays a crucial role in network anomaly detection applications, however, learning anomaly patterns with limited labeled samples is not easy. Additionally, the lack of interpretability creates key barriers to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yachao Yuan , Yu Huang , Yingwen Wu , Jin Wang

Real-world face recognition systems are vulnerable to both physical presentation attacks (PAs) and digital forgery attacks (DFs). We aim to achieve comprehensive protection of biometric data by implementing a unified physical-digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jiabao Guo , Yadian Wang , Hui Ma , Yuhao Fu , Ju Jia , Hui Liu , Shengeng Tang , Lechao Cheng , Yunfeng Diao , Ajian Liu