Related papers: Charge Distributions of Moving Nucleons

We generalize the derivation of electromagnetic fields of a charged particle moving with a constant acceleration [1] to a variable acceleration (piecewise constants) over a small finite time interval using Coulomb's law, relativistic…

We identify a class of point-particle models that exhibit a target-space duality. This duality arises from a construction based on supersymmetric quantum mechanics with a non-vanishing central charge. Motivated by analogies to string…

A finite dimensional abstract approximation and convergence theory is developed for estimation of the distribution of random parameters in infinite dimensional discrete time linear systems with dynamics described by regularly dissipative…

Identifying the sources of the highest energy cosmic rays requires understanding how they are deflected by the stochastic, spatially intermittent intergalactic magnetic field. Here we report measurements of energetic charged-particle…

The charging of dust grains in astrophysical environments has been investigated with the assumption these grains are homogeneous spheres. However, there is evidence which suggests many grains in astrophysical environments are…

An intense non-uniform particle beam exhibits strong emittance growth and halo formation in focusing channels due to nonlinear space charge forces of the beam. This phenomenon limits beam brightness and results in particle losses. The…

We employ a particle-in-cell Monte Carlo collision/particle-particle particle-mesh (PIC-MCC/PPPM) simulation to study the plasma flow around and the charge distribution of a three-dimensional dust cluster in the sheath of a low-pressure rf…

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the distribution of the total angular momentum in a relativistic configuration. Using cumulants and generating function formalism this analysis can be reduced to the study of individual subshells…

In highly conducting astrophysical plasmas, charged particles are generically accelerated through Fermi-type processes involving repeated interactions with moving magnetized scattering centers. The present paper proposes a generalized…

Charged particle beams that remain stationary while passing through a transport channel are represented by ``self-consistent'' phase space distributions. As the starting point, we assume the external focusing forces to act continuously on…

The neutron spin-orbit density contributes to the nuclear charge density as a relativistic effect. The contribution is enhanced by the effective mass stemming from the Lorentz-scalar potential in relativistic models. This enhancement…

This paper studies the space charge impedances of a rectangular beam inside a rectangular chamber, and the limiting case, e.g., a rectangular beam between parallel plates, respectively. The charged beam has uniform density in vertical…

An integro-differential equation describing the angular distribution of beams is analyzed for a medium with random inhomogeneities. Beams are trapped because inhomogeneities give rise to wave localization at random locations and random…

Droplets of electrolyte solutions in an insulating medium are ubiquitous in nature. The net charges of these droplets are normally nonzero, and they fluctuate. However, a theory on the probability distribution function for the net charge of…

The equilibrium distribution function of a relativistic ideal gas has been derived to include the effect of angular momentum. The result agrees with the one obtained from kinetic theory, and consistent with relativistic thermodynamics. The…

Positive semi-definite kernels are used to induce pseudo-metrics, or ``distances'', between measures. We write these as an expected quadratic variation of, or expected inner product between, a random field and the difference of measures.…

Quantum reference frames have attracted renewed interest recently, as their exploration is relevant and instructive in many areas of quantum theory. Among the different types, position and time reference frames have captivated special…

Charged multiplicity distribution in a pseudo-rapidity window is formulated under the assumption that the charge conservation is satisfied in the full phase space. At first, we analyze measured charged particle multiplicity distributions in…

A kinetic equation for the joint probability distribution for fixed values of the classical action, momentum and density has been derived. Further, the hydrodynamic equations of continuity and balance of momentum density have been…

We demonstrate using micromagnetic simulations and a theoretical model that a gradient in the saturation magnetization ($M_s$) of a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic film induces a non-reciprocal spin wave propagation and,…