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We show that Automatic Differentiation (AD) operators can be provided in a dynamic language without sacrificing numeric performance. To achieve this, general forward and reverse AD functions are added to a simple high-level dynamic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Jeffrey Mark Siskind , Barak A. Pearlmutter

Automatic differentiation (AD) in reverse mode (RAD) is a central component of deep learning and other uses of large-scale optimization. Commonly used RAD algorithms such as backpropagation, however, are complex and stateful, hindering deep…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Conal Elliott

Auto-formalization (AF) translates natural-language reasoning problems into solver-executable programs, enabling symbolic solvers to perform sound logical deduction. In practice, however, AF pipelines are currently brittle: programs may…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zhiyu Ni , Zheng Liang , Liangcheng Song , Chenrui Cao , Xian Zhang , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Dung's Abstract Argumentation Framework (AF) has emerged as a key formalism for argumentation in Artificial Intelligence. It has been extended in several directions, including the possibility to express supports, leading to the development…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Gianvincenzo Alfano , Sergio Greco , Francesco Parisi , Irina Trubitsyna

Automatic differentiation (AD) is an ensemble of techniques that allow to evaluate accurate numerical derivatives of a mathematical function expressed in a computer programming language. In this paper we use AD for stating and solving solid…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-22 Andrea Vigliotti , Ferdinando Auricchio

We show how the basic Combinatory Homomorphic Automatic Differentiation (CHAD) algorithm can be optimised, using well-known methods, to yield a simple, composable, and generally applicable reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD)…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Tom Smeding , Matthijs Vákár

Where dual-numbers forward-mode automatic differentiation (AD) pairs each scalar value with its tangent value, dual-numbers reverse-mode AD attempts to achieve reverse AD using a similarly simple idea: by pairing each scalar value with a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tom Smeding , Matthijs Vákár

Automatic Differentiation (AD) has become a dominant technique in ML. AD frameworks have first been implemented for imperative languages using tapes. Meanwhile, functional implementations of AD have been developed, often based on dual…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Timon Böhler , David Richter , Mira Mezini

Forward Automatic Differentiation (AD) is a technique for augmenting programs to compute derivatives. The essence of Forward AD is to attach perturbations to each number, and propagate these through the computation. When derivatives are…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Oleksandr Manzyuk , Barak A. Pearlmutter , Alexey Andreyevich Radul , David R. Rush , Jeffrey Mark Siskind

We study the correctness of automatic differentiation (AD) in the context of a higher-order, Turing-complete language (PCF with real numbers), both in forward and reverse mode. Our main result is that, under mild hypotheses on the primitive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Damiano Mazza , Michele Pagani

Automatic differentiation, also known as backpropagation, AD, autodiff, or algorithmic differentiation, is a popular technique for computing derivatives of computer programs accurately and efficiently. Sometimes, however, the derivatives…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-15 Jan Hückelheim , Harshitha Menon , William Moses , Bruce Christianson , Paul Hovland , Laurent Hascoët

Dictionary learning aims at seeking a dictionary under which the training data can be sparsely represented. Methods in the literature typically formulate the dictionary learning problem as an optimization w.r.t. two variables, i.e.,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-27 Cheng Cheng , Wei Dai

Contextual refinement and separation logics are successful verification techniques that are very different in nature. First, the former guarantees behavioral refinement between a concrete program and an abstract program while the latter…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Youngju Song , Minki Cho , Dongjae Lee , Chung-Kil Hur

We present the classical coordinate-free formalism for forward and backward mode ad in the real and complex setting. We show how to formally derive the forward and backward formulae for a number of matrix functions starting from basic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Mario Lezcano-Casado

Algorithmic differentiation (AD) is a set of techniques that provide partial derivatives of computer-implemented functions. Such a function can be supplied to state-of-the-art AD tools via its source code, or via an intermediate…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Max Aehle , Johannes Blühdorn , Max Sagebaum , Nicolas R. Gauger

A typical way of analyzing the time complexity of functional programs is to extract a recurrence expressing the running time of the program in terms of the size of its input, and then to solve the recurrence to obtain a big-O bound. For…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Joseph W. Cutler , Daniel R. Licata , Norman Danner

Where dual-numbers forward-mode automatic differentiation (AD) pairs each scalar value with its tangent derivative, dual-numbers /reverse-mode/ AD attempts to achieve reverse AD using a similarly simple idea: by pairing each scalar value…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Tom Smeding , Matthijs Vákár

Tools for algorithmic differentiation (AD) provide accurate derivatives of computer-implemented functions for use in, e. g., optimization and machine learning (ML). However, they often require the source code of the function to be available…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Max Aehle , Johannes Blühdorn , Max Sagebaum , Nicolas R. Gauger

Separation Logic with inductive definitions is a well-known approach for deductive verification of programs that manipulate dynamic data structures. Deciding verification conditions in this context is usually based on user-provided lemmas…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Constantin Enea , Mihaela Sighireanu , Zhilin Wu

With one exception, our previous work on recurrence extraction and denotational semantics has focused on a source language that supports inductive types and structural recursion. The exception handles general recursion via an initial…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Norman Danner