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Using the notion of effective distance proposed by Brockmann and Helbing, complex spatiotemporal processes of epidemic spreading can be reduced to circular wave propagation patterns with well-defined wavefronts. This hidden homogeneity of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-13 Yifan Chen , Yu Zhou , Ross Murch , Tadashi Nakano

The COVID-19 pandemic, which spread rapidly in late 2019, has revealed that the use of computing and communication technologies provides significant aid in preventing, controlling, and combating infectious diseases. With the ongoing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Safa Otoum , Ismaeel Al Ridhawi , Hussein T. Mouftah

Contact Tracing (CT) is one of the measures taken by government and health officials to mitigate the spread of the novel coronavirus. In this paper, we investigate its efficacy by developing a compartmental model for assessing its impact on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-23 T. A. Biala , Y. O. Afolabi , A. Q. M. Khaliq

Understanding how epidemics spread in a system is a crucial step to prevent and control outbreaks, with broad implications on the system's functioning, health, and associated costs. This can be achieved by identifying the elements at higher…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-03-16 Eugenio Valdano , Chiara Poletto , Armando Giovannini , Diana Palma , Lara Savini , Vittoria Colizza

In the context of epidemic spreading, many intricate dynamical patterns can emerge due to the cooperation of different types of pathogens or the interaction between the disease spread and other failure propagation mechanism. To unravel such…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-05-07 Bo Li , David Saad

The emergence of novel COVID-19 causing an overload in health system and high mortality rate. The key priority is to contain the epidemic and prevent the infection rate. In this context, many countries are now in some degree of lockdown to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Halgurd S. Maghdid , Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor

The contact structure between hosts has a critical influence on disease spread. However, most networkbased models used in epidemiology tend to ignore heterogeneity in the weighting of contacts. This assumption is known to be at odds with…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-09-03 Christel Kamp , Mathieu Moslonka-Lefebvre , Samuel Alizon

We show that the recently introduced logarithmic metrics used to predict disease arrival times on complex networks are approximations of more general network-based measures derived from random walks theory. Using the daily air-traffic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-18 Flavio Iannelli , Andreas Koher , Dirk Brockmann , Philipp Hoevel , Igor M. Sokolov

Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, there has been increased interest in the use of digital contact tracing as a means of stopping chains of viral transmission, provoking alarm from privacy advocates. Concerning the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Benjamin Levy , Matthew Stewart

Information dissemination intricately intertwines with the dynamics of infectious diseases in the contemporary interconnected world. Recognizing the critical role of public awareness, individual vaccination choices appear to be an essential…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-10-30 Viney Kumar , Chris T Bauch , Samit Bhattacharyya

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for innovative solutions to monitor and control the spread of infectious diseases. With the potential for future pandemics and the risk of outbreaks particularly in academic institutions, there…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Shobhit Aggarwal , Arnab Purkayastha

Source detection is crucial for capturing the dynamics of real-world infectious diseases and informing effective containment strategies. Most existing approaches to source detection focus on conventional pairwise networks, whereas recent…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-04 Qiao Ke , Naoki Masuda , Zhen Jin , Chuang Liu , Xiu-Xiu Zhan

We develop a theoretical framework for the study of epidemic-like social contagion in large scale social systems. We consider the most general setting in which different communication platforms or categories form multiplex networks.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-16 E. Cozzo , R. A. Baños , S. Meloni , Y. Moreno

Motivated by the increasing number of COVID-19 cases that have been observed in many countries after the vaccination and relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions, we propose a mathematical model on time-varying networks for the spread…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Kathinka Frieswijk , Lorenzo Zino , Ming Cao

By using modern cryptographic techniques, privacy-preserving Automated Exposure Notification (AEN) technologies offer the promise of mitigating disease spread by automatically recording contacts between people over the incubation period…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Jesslyn Alekseyev , Erica Dixon , Vilhelm L Andersen Woltz , Danny Weitzner

Mitigation strategies that remove infectious individuals from the greater population have to balance their efficacy with the economic effects associated with quarantine and have to contend with the limited resources available to the public…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-09 Ted Londner , Jonathan Saunders , Dieter W. Schuldt , Bill Streilein

Epidemic spreading is well understood when a disease propagates around a contact graph. In a stochastic susceptible-infected-susceptible setting, spectral conditions characterise whether the disease vanishes. However, modelling human…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Desmond John Higham , Henry-Louis de Kergorlay

Physical contacts result in the spread of various phenomena such as viruses, gossips, ideas, packages and marketing pamphlets across a population. The spread depends on how people move and co-locate with each other, or their mobility…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Sepanta Zeighami , Cyrus Shahabi , John Krumm

Digital contact tracing apps for COVID, such as the one developed by Google and Apple, need to estimate the risk that a user was infected during a particular exposure, in order to decide whether to notify the user to take precautions, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Kevin Murphy , Abhishek Kumar , Stylianos Serghiou

Metapopulation epidemic models help capture the spatial dimension of infectious disease spread by dividing heterogeneous populations into separate but interconnected communities, represented by nodes in a network. In the event of an…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-21 Henrik Zunker , Philipp Dönges , Patrick Lenz , Seba Contreras , Martin J. Kühn