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Deep sequencing has become one of the most popular tools for transcriptome profiling in biomedical studies. While an abundance of computational methods exists for "normalizing" sequencing data to remove unwanted between-sample variations…
The genetic information that dictates the structure and function of all life forms is encoded in the DNA. In 1953, Watson and Crick first presented the double helical structure of a DNA molecule. Their findings unearthed the desire to…
DNA is an attractive medium for digital data storage. When data is stored on DNA, errors occur, which makes error-correcting coding techniques critical for reliable DNA data storage. To reduce the errors, a common technique is to include…
Today, machine learning tools, particularly artificial neural networks, have become crucial for diverse applications. However, current digital computing tools to train and deploy artificial neural networks often struggle with massive data…
The modernization of existing and new nuclear power plants with digital instrumentation and control systems (DI&C) is a recent and highly trending topic. However, there lacks strong consensus on best-estimate reliability methodologies by…
Several studies suggest strong correlation between different types of cancer and the relative concentration of short circulating RNA sequences (miRNA). Because of short length and low concentration, miRNA detection is not easy. Standard…
Many forensic genetic trace samples are of too low quality to obtain short tandem repeat (STR) DNA profiles as the nuclear DNA they contain is highly degraded (e.g., telogen hairs). Instead, performing shotgun DNA sequencing of such samples…
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our ability to analyze gene expression at the resolution of individual cells, providing unprecedented insights into cellular heterogeneity and complex biological systems. This paper…
High-throughput cDNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is a very powerful technique to quantify gene expression in an unbiased way. The Crustacean family is among the groups of organisms sparsely represented in current genomic databases. Here we present…
DNA sequencing is revolutionising the field of medicine. DNA sequencers, the machines which perform DNA sequencing, have evolved from the size of a fridge to that of a mobile phone over the last two decades. The cost of sequencing a human…
The complicated, evolving landscape of cancer mutations poses a formidable challenge to identify cancer genes among the large lists of mutations typically generated in NGS experiments. The ability to prioritize these variants is therefore…
Recent progress on salient object detection mainly aims at exploiting how to effectively integrate multi-scale convolutional features in convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Many popular methods impose deep supervision to perform…
Nanopore sequencers are emerging as promising new platforms for high-throughput sequencing. As with other technologies, sequencer errors pose a major challenge for their effective use. In this paper, we present a novel information theoretic…
Single-Cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) measurements have facilitated genome-scale transcriptomic profiling of individual cells, with the hope of deconvolving cellular dynamic changes in corresponding cell sub-populations to better…
Several of the next generation sequencers are limited in their sample preparation process by the need to make an absolute measurement of the number of template molecules in the library to be sequenced. As currently practiced, the practical…
Next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology has been widely used to assess full-length RNA isoform abundance in a high-throughput manner. RNA-seq data offer insight into gene expression levels and transcriptome structures, enabling…
Early fault detection and fault prognosis are crucial to ensure efficient and safe operations of complex engineering systems such as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and its power electronics (high voltage converter modulators).…
Motivation: Most existing methods for DNA sequence analysis rely on accurate sequences or genotypes. However, in applications of the next-generation sequencing (NGS), accurate genotypes may not be easily obtained (e.g. multi-sample…
Future planetary exploration missions demand high-performance, fault-tolerant computing to enable autonomous Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) and Lander Vision System (LVS) operations during Entry, Descent, and Landing (EDL). This…
Owing to its longevity and enormous information density, DNA, the molecule encoding biological information, has emerged as a promising archival storage medium. However, due to technological constraints, data can only be written onto many…