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We study gravitational-wave production from bubble dynamics (bubble collisions and sound waves) during a cosmic first-order phase transition with an analytic approach. We first propose modeling the system with the thin-wall approximation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-14 Ryusuke Jinno , Masahiro Takimoto

We study gravitational waves generated by the cosmological magnetic fields induced via bubble collisions during the electroweak (EW) and QCD phase transitions. The magnetic field generation mechanisms considered here are based on the use of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-28 Tina Kahniashvili , Leonard Kisslinger , Trevor Stevens

We summarize the theoretical framework of gravitational wave (GW) production by bulk fluid motion induced by expanding broken-phase bubbles during a first-order phase transition. Using a locally stationary unequal-time correlator (UETC) to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-07 Isak Stomberg , Alberto Roper Pol

In this paper, following the previous study, we evaluate the spectrum of gravitational wave background generated by domain walls which are produced if some discrete symmetry is spontaneously broken in the early universe. We apply two…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-06 Masahiro Kawasaki , Ken'ichi Saikawa

Gravitational wave (GW) predictions of cosmological phase transitions are almost invariably evaluated at either the nucleation or percolation temperature. We investigate the effect of the transition temperature choice on GW predictions, for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-22 Peter Athron , Lachlan Morris , Zhongxiu Xu

Gravitational waves were copiously produced in the early Universe whenever the processes taking place were sufficiently violent. The spectra of several of these gravitational wave backgrounds on subhorizon scales have been extensively…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-30 Elisa Fenu , Daniel G. Figueroa , Ruth Durrer , Juan Garcia-Bellido

Spectra of stochastic gravitational waves (GW) generated in cosmological first-order phase transitions are computed within strongly correlated theories with a dual holographic description. The theories are mostly used as models of dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-28 Francesco Bigazzi , Alessio Caddeo , Aldo L. Cotrone , Angel Paredes

We study the generation of gravitational waves in the electroweak phase transition. We consider a few extensions of the Standard Model, namely, the addition of scalar singlets, the minimal supersymmetric extension, and the addition of TeV…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-19 Leonardo Leitao , Ariel Megevand , Alejandro D. Sanchez

The gravitational waves (GW) background generated in a double inflationary model, with two scalar fields mutually interacting through gravity only, and its relative contribution $T/S$ to large-angle temperature fluctuations of the relic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 David Polarski , Alexei A. Starobinsky

Cosmological first-order phase transitions are a well-motivated source of stochastic gravitational waves (GWs), but most predictions are made based on the highly idealized model of perfectly spherical vacuum bubbles, neglecting thermal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-23 Ligong Bian , Guangshang Chen , Song Li , Hongxin Wang , Yang Xiao , Jin Min Yang , Yang Zhang

We consider the stochastic background of gravity waves produced by first-order cosmological phase transitions from two types of sources: colliding bubbles and hydrodynamic turbulence. First we discuss the fluid mechanics of relativistic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Marc Kamionkowski , Arthur Kosowsky , Michael S. Turner

We compute the gravitational wave spectra from strongly supercooled first-order phase transitions, explicitly incorporating the evolution of the background metric across the transition from thermal inflation to radiation domination. We find…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-20 Marek Lewicki , Ville Vaskonen

We revisit the calculation of the gravitational wave spectra generated in a classically scale-invariant $SU(2)$ gauge sector with a scalar field in the adjoint representation, as discussed by J.~Jaeckel, et al. The finite-temperature…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-04-18 Da Huang , Bo-Qiang Lu

In a vacuum first-order phase transition, gravitational waves are generated from collision of bubbles of the true vacuum. The spectrum from such collisions takes the form of a broken power law. We consider a toy model for such a phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Cutting , Elba Granados Escartin , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir

Gravitational waves are generated during first-order phase transitions, either by turbolence or by bubble collisions. If the transition takes place at temperatures of the order of the electroweak scale, the frequency of these gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Riccardo Apreda , Michele Maggiore , Alberto Nicolis , Antonio Riotto

First-order phase transitions in the early Universe are a well-motivated source of gravitational waves (GWs). In this Letter, we identify a previously overlooked GW production mechanism: gravitational transition radiation, arising from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-09 Wen-Yuan Ai

Networks of cosmic domain walls can form in the early Universe as a consequence of the spontaneous breaking of discrete symmetries. We study the production of a cosmological background of gravitational waves (GWs) from such networks, when…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-18 Alessio Notari , Fabrizio Rompineve , Francisco Torrenti

We discuss a new source of gravitational waves (GWs) from first-order phase transitions. The collisions of bubbles of the new phase can efficiently produce particles that couple to the background field undergoing the transition, thereby…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Keisuke Inomata , Marc Kamionkowski , Kentaro Kasai , Bibhushan Shakya

Supercooled phase transitions, as predicted, e.g., in near-conformal and confining extensions of the Standard Model (SM), are established sources of strong stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs). In this work, we investigate…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-24 Satyabrata Datta , Rome Samanta

We propose a novel gravitational wave production mechanism in the context of quasi-conformal Standard Model extensions, which provide a way to dynamically generate the electroweak scale. In these models, the cosmic thermal history is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-14 Daniel Schmitt , Laura Sagunski