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We study the problem of training deep neural networks with Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation function using gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent. In particular, we study the binary classification problem and show that for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Difan Zou , Yuan Cao , Dongruo Zhou , Quanquan Gu

We give a simple proof for the global convergence of gradient descent in training deep ReLU networks with the standard square loss, and show some of its improvements over the state-of-the-art. In particular, while prior works require all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Quynh Nguyen

Deep learning has received considerable empirical successes in recent years. However, while many ad hoc tricks have been discovered by practitioners, until recently, there has been a lack of theoretical understanding for tricks invented in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Cong Fang , Hanze Dong , Tong Zhang

We analyze the generalization properties of two-layer neural networks in the neural tangent kernel (NTK) regime, trained with gradient descent (GD). For early stopped GD we derive fast rates of convergence that are known to be minimax…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-18 Mike Nguyen , Nicole Mücke

A recent line of research has shown that gradient-based algorithms with random initialization can converge to the global minima of the training loss for over-parameterized (i.e., sufficiently wide) deep neural networks. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Difan Zou , Quanquan Gu

We investigate the convergence guarantee of two-layer neural network training with Gaussian randomly masked inputs. This scenario corresponds to Gaussian dropout at the input level, or noisy input training common in sensor networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Afroditi Kolomvaki , Fangshuo Liao , Evan Dramko , Ziyun Guang , Anastasios Kyrillidis

We prove the first superpolynomial lower bounds for learning one-layer neural networks with respect to the Gaussian distribution using gradient descent. We show that any classifier trained using gradient descent with respect to square-loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Surbhi Goel , Aravind Gollakota , Zhihan Jin , Sushrut Karmalkar , Adam Klivans

The slow convergence rate and pathological curvature issues of first-order gradient methods for training deep neural networks, initiated an ongoing effort for developing faster $\mathit{second}$-$\mathit{order}$ optimization algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Jan van den Brand , Binghui Peng , Zhao Song , Omri Weinstein

We study dropout in two-layer neural networks with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activations. Under mild overparametrization and assuming that the limiting kernel can separate the data distribution with a positive margin, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Poorya Mianjy , Raman Arora

In this work, we provide a characterization of the feature-learning process in two-layer ReLU networks trained by gradient descent on the logistic loss following random initialization. We consider data with binary labels that are generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Spencer Frei , Niladri S. Chatterji , Peter L. Bartlett

We give a new algorithm for learning a two-layer neural network under a general class of input distributions. Assuming there is a ground-truth two-layer network $$ y = A \sigma(Wx) + \xi, $$ where $A,W$ are weight matrices, $\xi$ represents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Rong Ge , Rohith Kuditipudi , Zhize Li , Xiang Wang

The practice of deep learning has shown that neural networks generalize remarkably well even with an extreme number of learned parameters. This appears to contradict traditional statistical wisdom, in which a trade-off between model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yifei Wang , Yixuan Hua , Emmanuel Candés , Mert Pilanci

Over-parameterized residual networks (ResNets) are amongst the most successful convolutional neural architectures for image processing. Here we study their properties through their Gaussian Process and Neural Tangent kernels. We derive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Daniel Barzilai , Amnon Geifman , Meirav Galun , Ronen Basri

A recent breakthrough in deep learning theory shows that the training of over-parameterized deep neural networks can be characterized by a kernel function called \textit{neural tangent kernel} (NTK). However, it is known that this type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Zixiang Chen , Yuan Cao , Quanquan Gu , Tong Zhang

We perform a study on the generalization ability of the wide two-layer ReLU neural network on $\mathbb{R}$. We first establish some spectral properties of the neural tangent kernel (NTK): $a)$ $K_{d}$, the NTK defined on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-14 Jianfa Lai , Manyun Xu , Rui Chen , Qian Lin

We study the improper learning of multi-layer neural networks. Suppose that the neural network to be learned has $k$ hidden layers and that the $\ell_1$-norm of the incoming weights of any neuron is bounded by $L$. We present a kernel-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-14 Yuchen Zhang , Jason D. Lee , Michael I. Jordan

Neural networks often operate in the overparameterized regime, in which there are far more parameters than training samples, allowing the training data to be fit perfectly. That is, training the network effectively learns an interpolating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Suzanna Parkinson , Greg Ongie , Rebecca Willett

In recent years, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) based techniques has become the standard tools for training neural networks. However, formal theoretical understanding of why SGD can train neural networks in practice is largely missing.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-03 Yuanzhi Li , Yang Yuan

The ability of learning useful features is one of the major advantages of neural networks. Although recent works show that neural network can operate in a neural tangent kernel (NTK) regime that does not allow feature learning, many works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Mo Zhou , Rong Ge

There has been a recent surge of interest in understanding the convergence of gradient descent (GD) and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in overparameterized neural networks. Most previous works assume that the training data is provided a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-04 Jiaming Xu , Hanjing Zhu