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The spatiotemporal resolution of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) plays important roles in the mathematical description of the world's physical phenomena. In general, scientists and engineers solve PDEs numerically by the use of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Lucas Meyer , Marc Schouler , Robert Alexander Caulk , Alejandro Ribés , Bruno Raffin

In this work, we explore the ability of NN (Neural Networks) to serve as a tool for finding eigen-pairs of ordinary differential equations. The question we aime to address is whether, given a self-adjoint operator, we can learn what are the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Ido Ben-Shaul , Leah Bar , Nir Sochen

When using Neural Networks as trial functions to numerically solve PDEs, a key choice to be made is the loss function to be minimised, which should ideally correspond to a norm of the error. In multiple problems, this error norm coincides…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-26 Jamie M. Taylor , David Pardo , Ignacio Muga

Neural Controlled Differential Equations (NCDEs) are a state-of-the-art tool for supervised learning with irregularly sampled time series (Kidger, 2020). However, no theoretical analysis of their performance has been provided yet, and it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-03 Linus Bleistein , Agathe Guilloux

Differential equations are a ubiquitous tool to study dynamics, ranging from physical systems to complex systems, where a large number of agents interact through a graph with non-trivial topological features. Data-driven approximations of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-04-26 Vaiva Vasiliauskaite , Nino Antulov-Fantulin

Neural networks can be used to learn the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) on arbitrary domains without requiring a computational mesh. Common approaches integrate differential operators in training neural networks using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Shamsulhaq Basir , Inanc Senocak

In a general setting, we study a posteriori estimates used in finite element analysis to measure the error between a solution and its approximation. The latter is not necessarily generated by a finite element method. We show that the error…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-09 Thomas Führer , Sergio Rojas

Depth estimation (DE) provides spatial information about a scene and enables tasks such as 3D reconstruction, object detection, and scene understanding. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in using deep learning (DL)-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ali Rohan , Md Junayed Hasan , Andrei Petrovski

Neural network based methods have emerged as a promising paradigm for scientific computing, yet they face critical bottlenecks in high frequency function approximation and partial differential equation (PDE) solving.

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Xuyang Gao , Liang Chen , Minqiang Xu , Jing Niu

For Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to become useful in safety-critical applications, such as self-driving cars and disease diagnosis, they must be stable to perturbations in input and model parameters. Characterizing the sensitivity of a DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Naman Maheshwari , Nicholas Malaya , Scott Moe , Jaydeep P. Kulkarni , Sudhanva Gurumurthi

Nonlinear regression problem is one of the most popular and important statistical tasks. The first methods like least squares estimation go back to Gauss and Legendre. Recent models and developments in statistics and machine learning like…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-20 Vladimir Spokoiny

We introduce Neural Parameter Regression (NPR), a novel framework specifically developed for learning solution operators in Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Tailored for operator learning, this approach surpasses traditional DeepONets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Konrad Mundinger , Max Zimmer , Sebastian Pokutta

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable empirical success, yet the absence of a principled theoretical foundation continues to hinder their systematic development. In this survey, we present differential equations as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Hongjue Zhao , Yizhuo Chen , Yuchen Wang , Hairong Qi , Lui Sha , Tarek Abdelzaher , Huajie Shao

This paper focuses on understanding how the generalization error scales with the amount of the training data for deep neural networks (DNNs). Existing techniques in statistical learning require computation of capacity measures, such as VC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Devansh Bisla , Apoorva Nandini Saridena , Anna Choromanska

Deep neural networks are currently among the most commonly used classifiers. Despite easily achieving very good performance, one of the best selling points of these models is their modular design - one can conveniently adapt their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Katarzyna Janocha , Wojciech Marian Czarnecki

Neural algorithmic reasoning aims to capture computations with neural networks by training models to imitate the execution of classical algorithms. While common architectures are expressive enough to contain the correct model in the weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Gleb Rodionov , Liudmila Prokhorenkova

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) have proven to be a powerful modeling tool for approximating (interpolation) and forecasting (extrapolation) irregularly sampled time series data. However, their performance degrades…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Hammad A. Ayyubi , Yi Yao , Ajay Divakaran

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as key enablers of machine learning. Applying larger DNNs to more diverse applications is an important challenge. The computations performed during DNN training and inference are dominated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Jeremy Kepner , Vijay Gadepally , Hayden Jananthan , Lauren Milechin , Sid Samsi

Most ordinary differential equation (ODE) models used to describe biological or physical systems must be solved approximately using numerical methods. Perniciously, even those solvers which seem sufficiently accurate for the forward…

The existing Neural ODE formulation relies on an explicit knowledge of the termination time. We extend Neural ODEs to implicitly defined termination criteria modeled by neural event functions, which can be chained together and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ricky T. Q. Chen , Brandon Amos , Maximilian Nickel