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Methods are developed for checking and completing systems of bivariate and multivariate Kendall's tau concordance measures in applications where only partial information about dependencies between variables is available. The concept of a…
This work introduces a complexity measure which addresses some conflicting issues between existing ones by using a new principle - measuring the average amount of symmetry broken by an object. It attributes low (although different)…
Repeated measurements are common in many fields, where random variables are observed repeatedly across different subjects. Such data have an underlying hierarchical structure, and it is of interest to learn covariance/correlation at…
The complete characterization of spatial coherence is difficult because the mutual coherence function is a complex-valued function of four independent variables. This difficulty limits the ability of controlling and optimizing spatial…
Quantifying coherence is a key task in both quantum mechanical theory and practical applications. Here, a reliable quantum coherence measure is presented by utilizing the quantum skew information of the state of interest subject to a…
A sensitivity analysis in an observational study assesses the robustness of significant findings to unmeasured confounding. While sensitivity analyses in matched observational studies have been well addressed when there is a single outcome…
This paper develops conformal inference methods to construct a confidence interval for the frequency of a queried object in a very large discrete data set, based on a sketch with a lower memory footprint. This approach requires no knowledge…
Four-dimensional weak-constraint variational data assimilation estimates a state given partial noisy observations and dynamical model by minimizing a cost function that takes into account both discrepancy between the state and observations…
Quantum correlation often refers to correlations exhibited by two or more local subsystems under a suitable measurement. These correlations are beyond the framework of classical statistics and the associated classical probability…
We examine the behavior of quadrature coherence under the measurement of the same field quadrature. This is carried out with the help of a beam splitter, which implies the contribution of an auxiliary field state impinging at the other…
The notion of concept drift refers to the phenomenon that the distribution, which is underlying the observed data, changes over time; as a consequence machine learning models may become inaccurate and need adjustment. Many unsupervised…
Covariate balancing is a popular technique for controlling confounding in observational studies. It finds weights for the treatment group which are close to uniform, but make the group's covariate means (approximately) equal to those of the…
Display-camera communication has become a promising direction in both computer vision and wireless communication communities. However, the consistency of the channel measurement is an open issue since precise calibration of the experimental…
We introduce a new randomization procedure for experiments based on the cube method, which achieves near-exact covariate balance. This ensures compliance with standard balance tests and allows for balancing on many covariates, enabling more…
Matched case-control studies are commonly employed in epidemiological research for their convenience and efficiency. Analysis of secondary outcomes can yield valuable insights into biological pathways and help identify genetic variants of…
A significant problem with most functional data analyses is that of misaligned curves. Without adjustment, even an analysis as simple as estimation of the mean will fail. One common method to synchronize a set of curves involves equating…
Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard for measuring causal effects. However, they are often not always feasible, and causal treatment effects must be estimated from observational data. Observational studies do not allow robust…
Sample overlap is a common issue in evidence synthesis in the field of medical research, particularly when integrating findings from observational studies utilizing existing databases such as registries. Due to the general inaccessibility…
Difference in proportions is frequently used to measure treatment effect for binary outcomes in randomized clinical trials. The estimation of difference in proportions can be assisted by adjusting for prognostic baseline covariates to…
In many applications it will be useful to know those patterns that occur with a balanced interval, e.g., a certain combination of phone numbers are called almost every Friday or a group of products are sold a lot on Tuesday and Thursday. In…