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Theoretical and observational studies suggest that stellar binaries exist in large numbers in galactic nuclei like our own Galactic Center. Neutron stars (NSs), and debatedly, black holes (BHs) and white dwarfs (WDs), receive natal kicks at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-03 Bao-Minh Hoang , Smadar Naoz , Melodie Sloneker

Natal supernova kicks, the linear momentum compact remnants receive during their formation, are an essential part of binary population synthesis (BPS) models. Although these kicks are well-supported by evidence, their underlying…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-10 S. M. Richards , J. J. Eldridge , M. M. Briel , H. F. Stevance , R. Willcox

Using the StarTrack binary population synthesis code we model the population of double neutron stars in the Galaxy. We include a detailed treatment of the spin evolution of each pulsar due to processes such as spin-down and spin-up during…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-02-15 S. Oslowski , T. Bulik , D. Gondek-Rosinska , K. Belczynski

Natal kicks are matter of debate and significantly affect the merger rate density of compact objects. Here, we present a new simple formalism for natal kicks of neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs). We describe the magnitude of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-25 Nicola Giacobbo , Michela Mapelli

The asymmetric nature of GW190814, particularly its mass ratio ($q \approx 1/10$), has made its astrophysical origin elusive. We explore isolated binary evolution as a potential explanation for GW190814's formation. Using the binary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-21 Ignacio Magaña Hernandez , Katelyn Breivik

The long wait for the detection of merging black hole -- neutron star (BH--NS) binaries is finally over with the announcement by the LIGO/Virgo/Kagra collaboration of GW200105 and GW200115. Remarkably, the primary of GW200115 has a negative…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-29 Giacomo Fragione , Abraham Loeb , Frederic A. Rasio

We compute and present the distribution in mass of single and binary neutron stars, strange stars, and black holes. The calculations were performed using a stellar population synthesis code. We follow all phases of single and binary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Krzysztof Belczynski , Tomasz Bulik , Wlodzimierz Kluzniak

The mergers of binary neutron stars (BNSs) and neutron star-black holes (NSBHs) binaries have long been linked to short-duration gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs). However, despite their stellar progenitors, SGRBs are often found outside the stellar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-02 N. Gaspari , A. J. Levan , A. A. Chrimes , A. E. Nugent

Two neutron star (NS)-black hole (BH) binaries, GW200105 and GW200115 found in the LIGO/Virgo O3b run have smaller BH mass of 6--9\,$M_{\odot}$ which is consistent with Population I and II origin. Our population synthesis simulations using…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-20 Tomoya Kinugawa , Takashi Nakamura , Hiroyuki Nakano

The coalescence of compact binaries containing neutron stars or black holes is one of the most promising signals for advanced ground-based laser interferometer gravitational-wave detectors, with the first direct detections expected over the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-02 Simon Stevenson , Frank Ohme , Stephen Fairhurst

There are important but unresolved processes in the standard formation scenarios of double compact star binaries (DCBs; BH-BH, BH-NS, NS-NS systems), such as mass transfer and the common envelope (CE) phase. We analyze the effects of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-29 Iminhaji Ablimit , Keiichi Maeda

The detection of the unusually heavy binary neutron star merger GW190425 marked a stark contrast to the mass distribution from known Galactic pulsars in double neutron star binaries and gravitational-wave source GW170817. We suggest here a…

The isolated binary evolution model for merging neutron stars (NSs) involves processes such as mass transfer, common-envelope evolution, and natal kicks, all of which are poorly understood. Also, the predicted NS-NS merger rates are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-25 Adrian S. Hamers , Todd A. Thompson

Detailed stellar evolution and supernova models yield a bimodal black-hole mass distribution with a narrow peak around 10 solar masses from stars within a narrow range of progenitor properties and a second broader peak starting around 20…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-29 R. Willcox , F. R. N. Schneider , E. Laplace , Ph. Podsiadlowski , K. Maltsev , I. Mandel , P. Marchant , H. Sana , T. Li , T. Hertog

In massive binary-star systems, supernova explosions can significantly alter the orbit during the formation of compact objects. Some compact objects are predicted to form via direct collapse, a scenario with negligible mass loss and no…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-03 Alejandro Vigna-Gómez

We use the well tested StarTrack binary population synthesis code to examine the properties of the population of compact object binaries. We calculate the distribution of masses and mass ratios taking into account weights introduced by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Bulik , D. Gondek-Rosinska , K. Belczynski

In this work we focus on a group of Galactic double neutron star (DNS) systems with long orbital periods of $ \gtrsim 1$ day and low eccentricities of $\lesssim 0.4$. The feature of these orbital parameters is used to constrain the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-14 Yong Shao , Xiang-Dong Li

The nature of the compact objects within the supposed "lower mass gap" remains uncertain. Observations of GW190814 and GW230529 highlight the challenges gravitational waves face in distinguishing neutron stars from black holes. Interpreting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-24 Utkarsh Mali , Reed Essick

Self-lensing (SL) in binary systems has the potential to provide a unique observational window into the Galactic population of compact objects. Using the $\mathtt{startrack}$ and COSMIC population synthesis codes, we investigate how…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-18 Grzegorz Wiktorowicz , Matthew Middleton , Aleksandra Olejak , Cordelia Dashwood-Brown , Madeleine-Mai Ward , Adam Ingram

Using the StarTrack population synthesis code we compute the distribution of masses of merging compact object (black hole or neutron star) binaries. The shape of the mass distribution is sensitive to some of the parameters governing the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Bulik , K. Belczynski , V. Kalogera