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We numerically investigate two-dimensional systems of hard rectangles at constant pressure through extensive hard-particle Monte Carlo simulations. We determine the complete phase diagram as a function of packing fraction and aspect ratio,…

Using scaled-particle theory for binary mixtures of two-dimensional hard particles with rotational freedom, we analyse the stability of nematic phases and the demixing phase behaviour of a variety of mixtures, focussing on cases where at…

There are at least three fundamental states of matter, depending upon temperature and pressure: gas, liquid, and solid (crystal). These states are separated by first-order phase transitions between them. In both gas and liquid phases the…

Disordered hyperuniform many-body systems are distinguishable states of matter that lie between a crystal and liquid: they are like perfect crystals in the way they suppress large-scale density fluctuations and yet are like liquids or…

The ability to extract materials just a few atoms thick has led to discovery of graphene, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and other important two-dimensional materials. The next step in promoting understanding and utility…

The local arrangement of atoms is one of the most important predictors of mechanical and functional properties of materials. However, algorithms for identifying the geometrical arrangements of atoms in complex materials systems are lacking.…

The underlying structural disorder renders the concept of topological defects in amorphous solids difficult to apply and hinders a first-principle identification of the microscopic carriers of plasticity and of the regions more prone to…

We study an atomistic model that describes the microscopic formation of material voids inside elastically stressed solids under an additional curvature regularization at the discrete level. Using a discrete-to-continuum analysis, by means…

We develop a theory for the representation of opaque solids as volumes. Starting from a stochastic representation of opaque solids as random indicator functions, we prove the conditions under which such solids can be modeled using…

While amorphous materials are often approximated to have a statistically homogeneous atomic structure, they frequently exhibit localized structural heterogeneity that challenges simplified models. This study uses 4D scanning transmission…

A approach for two-dimensional(2D) negative permeability in a $\Lambda$-type three-level atomic system interacting with a probe magnetic and the superposition of two orthogonal standing-wave fields is proposed. Through the theoretical…

Amorphous materials are integral part of todays technology, they commonly are performant and versatile in integration. Consequently, future applications increasingly aim to harvest the potential of the amorphous state. Establishing its…

Particle shape is a critical parameter that plays an important role in self-assembly, for example, in designing targeted complex structures with desired properties. In the last decades an unprecedented range of monodisperse nanoparticle…

In soft matter, the phase of nematic liquid crystals can be made from anisotropic molecules in single component materials, or as a suspension of mesoscopic nematogens. The later offers more versatility in the experimental design of complex…

Common two-dimensional (2D) materials have a layered 3D structure with covalently bonded, atomically thin layers held together by weak van der Waals forces. However, in a recent transmission electron microscopy experiment, atomically thin…

We performed an extensive first-principles study of nanowires in various pentagonal structures by using pseudopotential plane wave method within the density functional theory. Our results show that nanowires of different types of elements,…

Metallic glasses have so far attracted considerable attention for their applications as bulk materials. However, new physics and applications often emerge by dimensional reduction from three dimension (3D) to two dimension (2D). Here, we…

We present a theory of the dynamics of monatomic liquids built on two basic ideas: (1) The potential surface of the liquid contains three classes of intersecting nearly-harmonic valleys, one of which (the ``random'' class) vastly outnumbers…

In order to understand whether internal stresses in glasses are correlated or randomly distributed, we study the organization of atomic bond tensions (normal forces between pairs of atoms). Measurements of the invariants of the atomic bond…

Computer simulations are presented of the isotropic-to-nematic transition in a liquid crystal confined between two parallel plates a distance H apart. The plates are neutral and do not impose any anchoring on the particles. Depending on the…