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As the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing many fields and industries, there are concerns about AI systems making decisions and recommendations without adequately considering various ethical aspects, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Conrad Sanderson , Qinghua Lu , David Douglas , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Jon Whittle

Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have moved from research and pilot projects into everyday business operations, with generative AI accelerating adoption across processes, products, and services. This paper introduces…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Stephan Sandfuchs , Diako Farooghi , Janis Mohr , Sarah Grewe , Markus Lemmen , Jörg Frochte

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems accelerate medical workflows and improve diagnostic accuracy in healthcare, serving as second-opinion systems. However, the unpredictability of AI errors poses a significant challenge, particularly in…

To accurately and confidently answer the question 'could an AI model or system increase biorisk', it is necessary to have both a sound theoretical threat model for how AI models or systems could increase biorisk and a robust method for…

This paper introduces AIJack, an open-source library designed to assess security and privacy risks associated with the training and deployment of machine learning models. Amid the growing interest in big data and AI, advancements in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Hideaki Takahashi

Credit assessments activities are essential for financial institutions and allow the global economy to grow. Building robust, solid and accurate models that estimate the probability of a default of a company is mandatory for credit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Ayoub El Qadi , Natalia Diaz-Rodriguez , Maria Trocan , Thomas Frossard

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integrated into critical domains, ensuring their responsible design and continuous development is imperative. Effective AI quality management (QM) requires tools and methodologies…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Miriam Elia , Alba Maria Lopez , Katherin Alexandra Corredor , Bernhard Bauer , Esteban Garcia-Cuesta

Digital technologies have changed the way supply chain operations are structured. In this article, we conduct systematic syntheses of literature on the impact of new technologies on supply chains and the related cyber risks. A…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Petar Radanliev , David De Roure , Kevin Page , Jason Nurse , Rafael Mantilla Montalvo , Omar Santos , La Treall Maddox , Peter Burnap

In this work, we present and analyze reported failures of artificially intelligent systems and extrapolate our analysis to future AIs. We suggest that both the frequency and the seriousness of future AI failures will steadily increase. AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Roman V. Yampolskiy , M. S. Spellchecker

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used to augment and automate cyber operations, altering the scale, speed, and accessibility of malicious activity. These shifts raise urgent questions about when AI systems introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Krystal Jackson , Deepika Raman , Jessica Newman , Nada Madkour , Charlotte Yuan , Evan R. Murphy

The governance of frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems--particularly those capable of catastrophic misuse or systemic failure--requires institutional structures that are robust, adaptive, and innovation-preserving. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Nicholas Stetler

Ttraditional safety engineering is coming to a turning point moving from deterministic, non-evolving systems operating in well-defined contexts to increasingly autonomous and learning-enabled AI systems which are acting in largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Harald Rueß , Simon Burton

This paper examines the responsible integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in human services organizations (HSOs), proposing a nuanced framework for evaluating AI applications across multiple dimensions of risk. The authors argue that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Brian E. Perron , Lauri Goldkind , Zia Qi , Bryan G. Victor

The rapid advancement of large models, driven by their exceptional abilities in learning and generalization through large-scale pre-training, has reshaped the landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI). These models are now foundational to a…

Artificial intelligence is fundamentally changing how health content is encountered and acted upon across both the information and healthcare ecosystems. AI systems now generate claims, curate information, interpret symptoms, synthesize…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Matthew R. DeVerna , Harry Yaojun Yan , Kai-Cheng Yang , Filippo Menczer

Trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important topic because trust in AI systems and their creators has been lost. Researchers, corporations, and governments have long and painful histories of excluding marginalized groups…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Ashwin , William Agnew , Umut Pajaro , Hetvi Jethwani , Arjun Subramonian

The threat hunting lifecycle is a complex atmosphere that requires special attention from professionals to maintain security. This paper is a collection of recent work that gives a holistic view of the threat hunting ecosystem, identifies…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Caroline Hillier , Talieh Karroubi

Through a systematic review of academic literature, we propose a taxonomy of systemic risks associated with artificial intelligence (AI), in particular general-purpose AI. Following the EU AI Act's definition, we consider systemic risks as…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made its way into various scientific fields, providing astonishing improvements over existing algorithms for a wide variety of tasks. In recent years, there have been severe concerns over the trustworthiness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Surbhi Mittal , Kartik Thakral , Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa , Tamar Glaser , Cristian Canton Ferrer , Tal Hassner

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply embedded in critical services and everyday products, it is increasingly exposed to security threats which traditional cyber defenses were not designed to handle. In this paper, we investigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Natalia Krawczyk , Mateusz Szczepkowski , Adrian Brodzik , Krzysztof Bocianiak