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The mainstream of data-driven abstractive summarization models tends to explore the correlations rather than the causal relationships. Among such correlations, there can be spurious ones which suffer from the language prior learned from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Lu Chen , Ruqing Zhang , Wei Huang , Wei Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

A directed acyclic graph (DAG) partially represents the conditional independence structure among observations of a system if the local Markov condition holds, that is, if every variable is independent of its non-descendants given its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Bastian Steudel , Nihat Ay

We examine the recently proposed language of Logical Credal Networks, in particular investigating the consequences of various Markov conditions. We introduce the notion of structure for a Logical Credal Network and show that a structure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Fabio Gagliardi Cozman

Information flow analysis has largely ignored the setting where the analyst has neither control over nor a complete model of the analyzed system. We formalize such limited information flow analyses and study an instance of it: detecting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-13 Michael Carl Tschantz , Amit Datta , Anupam Datta , Jeannette M. Wing

This work introduces a novel cause-effect relation in Markov decision processes using the probability-raising principle. Initially, sets of states as causes and effects are considered, which is subsequently extended to regular path…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Christel Baier , Jakob Piribauer , Robin Ziemek

Pimentel et al. (2020) recently analysed probing from an information-theoretic perspective. They argue that probing should be seen as approximating a mutual information. This led to the rather unintuitive conclusion that representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Tiago Pimentel , Ryan Cotterell

This paper develops a framework for identification, estimation, and inference on the causal mechanisms driving endogenous social network formation. Identification is challenging because of unobserved confounders and reverse causality;…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-21 Maximilian Kasy , Elizabeth Linos , Sanaz Mobasseri

Communication complexity, which quantifies the minimum communication required for distributed computation, offers a natural setting for investigating the capabilities and limitations of quantum mechanics in information processing. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Nikolai Miklin , Prabhav Jain , Mariami Gachechiladze

The broad abundance of time series data, which is in sharp contrast to limited knowledge of the underlying network dynamic processes that produce such observations, calls for a rigorous and efficient method of causal network inference. Here…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Jie Sun , Dane Taylor , Erik M. Bollt

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on enormous amounts of data and encode knowledge in their parameters. We propose a pipeline to elicit causal relationships from LLMs. Specifically, (i) we sample many documents from LLMs on a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Takashi Kameyama , Masahiro Kato , Yasuko Hio , Yasushi Takano , Naoto Minakawa

Causal inference provides an analytical framework to identify and quantify cause-and-effect relationships among a network of interacting agents. This paper offers a novel framework for analyzing cascading failures in power transmission…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Shiuli Subhra Ghosh , Anmol Dwivedi , Ali Tajer , Kyongmin Yeo , Wesley M. Gifford

Many legal cases require decisions about causality, responsibility or blame, and these may be based on statistical data. However, causal inferences from such data are beset by subtle conceptual and practical difficulties, and in general it…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Philip Dawid , Monica Musio , Rossella Murtas

We propose a novel method for clustering data which is grounded in information-theoretic principles and requires no parametric assumptions. Previous attempts to use information theory to define clusters in an assumption-free way are based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-07 Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan , Fei Sha , Simon DeDeo

We address the problem of causal discovery from data, making use of the recently proposed causal modeling framework of modular structural causal models (mSCM) to handle cycles, latent confounders and non-linearities. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-31 Patrick Forré , Joris M. Mooij

This paper is about pregroup models of natural languages, and how they relate to the explicitly categorical use of pregroups in Compositional Distributional Semantics and Natural Language Processing. These categorical interpretations make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Peter M. Hines

We consider a new formulation of a class of synchronization error channels and derive analytical bounds and numerical estimates for the capacity of these channels. For the binary channel with only deletions, we obtain an expression for the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Aravind R. Iyengar , Paul H. Siegel , Jack K. Wolf

We characterize mutual information as the unique map on ordered pairs of random variables satisfying a set of axioms similar to those of Faddeev's characterization of the Shannon entropy. There is a new axiom in our characterization however…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-30 James Fullwood

Causal inference is a science with multi-disciplinary evolution and applications. On the one hand, it measures effects of treatments in observational data based on experimental designs and rigorous statistical inference to draw causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-05 Jingying Zeng , Run Wang

Information causality was proposed as a physical principle to put upper bound on the accessible information gain in a physical bi-partite communication scheme. Intuitively, the information gain cannot be larger than the amount of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-27 I-Ching Yu , Feng-Li Lin

Reichenbach's principle states that in a causal structure, correlations of classical information can stem from a common cause in the common past or a direct influence from one of the events in correlation to the other. The difficulty of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-19 Ämin Baumeler , Julien Degorre , Stefan Wolf