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Recent advances in molecular representation learning have produced highly effective encodings of molecules for numerous cheminformatics and bioinformatics tasks. However, extracting general chemical insight while balancing predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Rahul Khorana

Unsupervised/self-supervised pre-training methods for graph representation learning have recently attracted increasing research interests, and they are shown to be able to generalize to various downstream applications. Yet, the adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Jiarong Xu , Yang Yang , Junru Chen , Chunping Wang , Xin Jiang , Jiangang Lu , Yizhou Sun

Recent advances in deep learning have accelerated its use in various applications, such as cellular image analysis and molecular discovery. In molecular discovery, a generative adversarial network (GAN), which comprises a discriminator to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Daniel Manu , Jingjing Yao , Wuji Liu , Xiang Sun

In the realm of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), two exciting research directions have recently emerged: Subgraph GNNs and Graph Transformers. In this paper, we propose an architecture that integrates both approaches, dubbed Subgraphormer,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Guy Bar-Shalom , Beatrice Bevilacqua , Haggai Maron

Self-supervised representation learning on text-attributed graphs, which aims to create expressive and generalizable representations for various downstream tasks, has received increasing research attention lately. However, existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yichuan Li , Kaize Ding , Kyumin Lee

Graph neural networks (GNNs) work remarkably well in semi-supervised node regression, yet a rigorous theory explaining when and why they succeed remains lacking. To address this gap, we study an aggregate-and-readout model that encompasses…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-20 Juntong Chen , Claire Donnat , Olga Klopp , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which generalize the deep neural networks to graph-structured data, have achieved great success in modeling graphs. However, as an extension of deep learning for graphs, GNNs lack explainability, which largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

Graph representation learning (GRL) is critical for graph-structured data analysis. However, most of the existing graph neural networks (GNNs) heavily rely on labeling information, which is normally expensive to obtain in the real world.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yizhen Zheng , Ming Jin , Shirui Pan , Yuan-Fang Li , Hao Peng , Ming Li , Zhao Li

Graph Neural Network (GNN), with the main idea of encoding graph structure information of graphs by propagation and aggregation, has developed rapidly. It achieved excellent performance in representation learning of multiple types of graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yushan Zhu , Wen Zhang , Yajing Xu , Zhen Yao , Mingyang Chen , Huajun Chen

We establish connections between the Transformer architecture, originally introduced for natural language processing, and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for representation learning on graphs. We show how Transformers can be viewed as message…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Chaitanya K. Joshi

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a class of deep models that operate on data with arbitrary topology represented as graphs. We introduce an efficient memory layer for GNNs that can jointly learn node representations and coarsen the graph.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Amir Hosein Khasahmadi , Kaveh Hassani , Parsa Moradi , Leo Lee , Quaid Morris

This paper explores the applications and challenges of graph neural networks (GNNs) in processing complex graph data brought about by the rapid development of the Internet. Given the heterogeneity and redundancy problems that graph data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jianjun Wei , Yue Liu , Xin Huang , Xin Zhang , Wenyi Liu , Xu Yan

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as topology/structure-aware models within deep learning, have emerged as powerful tools for AI-aided drug discovery (AIDD). By directly operating on molecular graphs, GNNs offer an intuitive and expressive…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-10 Odin Zhang , Haitao Lin , Xujun Zhang , Xiaorui Wang , Zhenxing Wu , Qing Ye , Weibo Zhao , Jike Wang , Kejun Ying , Yu Kang , Chang-yu Hsieh , Tingjun Hou

The growing use of deep learning necessitates efficient network design and deployment, making neural predictors vital for estimating attributes such as accuracy and latency. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and transformers have shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Ruihan Xu , Haokui Zhang , Yaowei Wang , Wei Zeng , Shiliang Zhang

Graph neural network (GNN) is effective to model graphs for distributed representations of nodes and an entire graph. Recently, research on the expressive power of GNN attracted growing attention. A highly-expressive GNN has the ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Chengsheng Mao , Yuan Luo

As the field of Graph Neural Networks (GNN) continues to grow, it experiences a corresponding increase in the need for large, real-world datasets to train and test new GNN models on challenging, realistic problems. Unfortunately, such graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Minji Yoon , Yue Wu , John Palowitch , Bryan Perozzi , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Unsupervised graph representation learning aims to learn low-dimensional node embeddings without supervision while preserving graph topological structures and node attributive features. Previous graph neural networks (GNN) require a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Feng Yu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Transformers, adapted from natural language processing, are emerging as a leading approach for graph representation learning. Contemporary graph transformers often treat nodes or edges as separate tokens. This approach leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Zihan Pengmei , Zimu Li , Chih-chan Tien , Risi Kondor , Aaron R. Dinner

The crux of molecular property prediction is to generate meaningful representations of the molecules. One promising route is to exploit the molecular graph structure through Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). It is well known that both atoms and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-15 Hehuan Ma , Yatao Bian , Yu Rong , Wenbing Huang , Tingyang Xu , Weiyang Xie , Geyan Ye , Junzhou Huang

Graph pre-training has been concentrated on graph-level tasks involving small graphs (e.g., molecular graphs) or learning node representations on a fixed graph. Extending graph pre-trained models to web-scale graphs with billions of nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yufei He , Zhenyu Hou , Yukuo Cen , Jun Hu , Feng He , Xu Cheng , Jie Tang , Bryan Hooi