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Normalizing flows are an established approach for modelling complex probability densities through invertible transformations from a base distribution. However, the accuracy with which the target distribution can be captured by the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-02 Harry Bevins , Will Handley , Thomas Gessey-Jones

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising approach for interpreting neural network representations by learning sparse, human-interpretable features from dense activations. We investigate whether incorporating variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zachary Baker , Yuxiao Li

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are probabilistic deep generative models underpinned by elegant theory, stable training processes, and meaningful manifold representations. However, they produce blurry images due to a lack of explicit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Prashnna K Gyawali , Rudra Saha , Linwei Wang , VSR Veeravasarapu , Maneesh Singh

Normalizing flows are a powerful technique for obtaining reparameterizable samples from complex multimodal distributions. Unfortunately, current approaches are only available for the most basic geometries and fall short when the underlying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-03 Luca Falorsi

In the past, normalizing generative flows have emerged as a promising class of generative models for natural images. This type of model has many modeling advantages: the ability to efficiently compute log-likelihood of the input data, fast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Alexander Kolesnikov , André Susano Pinto , Michael Tschannen

Is there really much more to say about sparse autoencoders (SAEs)? Autoencoders in general, and SAEs in particular, represent deep architectures that are capable of modeling low-dimensional latent structure in data. Such structure could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yin Lu , Xuening Zhu , Tong He , David Wipf

Vessel segmentation is an essential task in many clinical applications. Although supervised methods have achieved state-of-art performance, acquiring expert annotation is laborious and mostly limited for two-dimensional datasets with a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-23 Rohit Jena , Sumedha Singla , Kayhan Batmanghelich

Normalizing flows have shown great success as general-purpose density estimators. However, many real world applications require the use of domain-specific knowledge, which normalizing flows cannot readily incorporate. We propose…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-17 Gianluigi Silvestri , Emily Fertig , Dave Moore , Luca Ambrogioni

Turbulent flows have historically presented formidable challenges to predictive computational modeling. Traditional numerical simulations often require vast computational resources, making them infeasible for numerous engineering…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-15 Han Gao , Xu Han , Xiantao Fan , Luning Sun , Li-Ping Liu , Lian Duan , Jian-Xun Wang

Current state-of-the-art generative approaches frequently rely on a two-stage training procedure, where an autoencoder (often a VAE) first performs dimensionality reduction, followed by training a generative model on the learned latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-15 Gianluigi Silvestri , Luca Ambrogioni

In this work, we propose a new generative model that is capable of automatically decoupling global and local representations of images in an entirely unsupervised setting, by embedding a generative flow in the VAE framework to model the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Xuezhe Ma , Xiang Kong , Shanghang Zhang , Eduard Hovy

The choice of approximate posterior distribution is one of the core problems in variational inference. Most applications of variational inference employ simple families of posterior approximations in order to allow for efficient inference,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-15 Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Shakir Mohamed

Solving high-dimensional PDE-governed inverse problems is often challenging due to complex non-Gaussian posterior distributions, expensive forward model evaluations, and misspecified prior information. To address these issues, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yueyang Wang , Xili Wang , Kejun Tang , Xiaoliang Wan , Tao Zhou , Chao Yang

Fueled by the expressive power of deep neural networks, normalizing flows have achieved spectacular success in generative modeling, or learning to draw new samples from a distribution given a finite dataset of training samples. Normalizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Yuehaw Khoo , Michael Lindsey , Hongli Zhao

In many scientific applications, the target probability distribution cannot be evaluated in closed form or sampled from directly. Instead, it can often be decomposed into multiple components, some of which are accessible only through…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Roxana Darvishi , David C. Stenning , Ted von Hippel , Owen G. Ward

Normalizing flows have shown great promise for modelling flexible probability distributions in a computationally tractable way. However, whilst data is often naturally described on Riemannian manifolds such as spheres, torii, and hyperbolic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-10 Emile Mathieu , Maximilian Nickel

We propose to learn model invariances as a means of interpreting a model. This is motivated by a reverse engineering principle. If we understand a problem, we may introduce inductive biases in our model in the form of invariances.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-16 An-phi Nguyen , María Rodríguez Martínez

Normalizing Flows are a powerful technique for learning and modeling probability distributions given samples from those distributions. The current state of the art results are built upon residual flows as these can model a larger hypothesis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Achintya Gopal

Survival analysis, or time-to-event modelling, is a classical statistical problem that has garnered a lot of interest for its practical use in epidemiology, demographics or actuarial sciences. Recent advances on the subject from the point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Guillaume Ausset , Tom Ciffreo , Francois Portier , Stephan Clémençon , Timothée Papin

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have recently been used for unsupervised disentanglement learning of complex density distributions. Numerous variants exist to encourage disentanglement in latent space while improving reconstruction.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-10 Kenneth Ezukwoke , Anis Hoayek , Mireille Batton-Hubert , Xavier Boucher