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Word embedding, which encodes words into vectors, is an important starting point in natural language processing and commonly used in many text-based machine learning tasks. However, in most current word embedding approaches, the similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Denis Sedov , Zhirong Yang

Models based on the transformer architecture, such as BERT, have marked a crucial step forward in the field of Natural Language Processing. Importantly, they allow the creation of word embeddings that capture important semantic information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Jacob Turton , David Vinson , Robert Elliott Smith

Conventional text classification models make a bag-of-words assumption reducing text into word occurrence counts per document. Recent algorithms such as word2vec are capable of learning semantic meaning and similarity between words in an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Vincent Major , Alisa Surkis , Yindalon Aphinyanaphongs

Sentence representation at the semantic level is a challenging task for Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. Despite the advances in word embeddings (i.e. word vector representations), capturing sentence meaning is an…

Sentiment-aware intelligent systems are essential to a wide array of applications. These systems are driven by language models which broadly fall into two paradigms: Lexicon-based and contextual. Although recent contextual models are…

Distributional semantic models capture word-level meaning that is useful in many natural language processing tasks and have even been shown to capture cognitive aspects of word meaning. The majority of these models are purely text based,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Danny Merkx , Stefan L. Frank , Mirjam Ernestus

Multilingual language models were shown to allow for nontrivial transfer across scripts and languages. In this work, we study the structure of the internal representations that enable this transfer. We focus on the representation of gender…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Hila Gonen , Shauli Ravfogel , Yoav Goldberg

Embedding spaces contain interpretable dimensions indicating gender, formality in style, or even object properties. This has been observed multiple times. Such interpretable dimensions are becoming valuable tools in different areas of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Katrin Erk , Marianna Apidianaki

Transfer learning aims to reduce the amount of data required to excel at a new task by re-using the knowledge acquired from learning other related tasks. This paper proposes a novel transfer learning scenario, which distills robust phonetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Wei-Ning Hsu , David Harwath , James Glass

Compounding is a highly productive word-formation process in some languages that is often problematic for natural language processing applications. In this paper, we investigate whether distributional semantics in the form of word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Joachim Daiber , Lautaro Quiroz , Roger Wechsler , Stella Frank

Motivations like domain adaptation, transfer learning, and feature learning have fueled interest in inducing embeddings for rare or unseen words, n-grams, synsets, and other textual features. This paper introduces a la carte embedding, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Mikhail Khodak , Nikunj Saunshi , Yingyu Liang , Tengyu Ma , Brandon Stewart , Sanjeev Arora

Multilingual (or cross-lingual) embeddings represent several languages in a unique vector space. Using a common embedding space enables for a shared semantic between words from different languages. In this paper, we propose to embed images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Maxime Portaz , Hicham Randrianarivo , Adrien Nivaggioli , Estelle Maudet , Christophe Servan , Sylvain Peyronnet

Gender bias exists in natural language datasets which neural language models tend to learn, resulting in biased text generation. In this research, we propose a debiasing approach based on the loss function modification. We introduce a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Yusu Qian , Urwa Muaz , Ben Zhang , Jae Won Hyun

Recent methods for learning vector space representations of words have succeeded in capturing fine-grained semantic and syntactic regularities using vector arithmetic. However, these vector space representations (created through large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-17 Martin Andrews

Word embeddings learnt from large corpora have been adopted in various applications in natural language processing and served as the general input representations to learning systems. Recently, a series of post-processing methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Shuai Tang , Mahta Mousavi , Virginia R. de Sa

Concepts are used to solve the term-mismatch problem. However, we need an effective similarity measure between concepts. Word embedding presents a promising solution. We present in this study three approaches to build concepts vectors based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Karam Abdulahhad

The statistical regularities in language corpora encode well-known social biases into word embeddings. Here, we focus on gender to provide a comprehensive analysis of group-based biases in widely-used static English word embeddings trained…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Aylin Caliskan , Pimparkar Parth Ajay , Tessa Charlesworth , Robert Wolfe , Mahzarin R. Banaji

In this paper, I present a novel method to detect intellectual influence across a large corpus. Taking advantage of the unique affordances of large language models in encoding semantic and structural meaning while remaining robust to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Lucian Li

We present a clustering-based language model using word embeddings for text readability prediction. Presumably, an Euclidean semantic space hypothesis holds true for word embeddings whose training is done by observing word co-occurrences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-07 Miriam Cha , Youngjune Gwon , H. T. Kung

Speech encodes multiple simultaneous attributes -- linguistic content, speaker identity, dialect, gender --that conventional single-vector embeddings conflate. We present a factor-partitioned embedding framework that maps each utterance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Jim O'Regan , Jens Edlund