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The statistical mechanical calculation of the thermodynamical properties of non-rotating isolated horizons are studied in the loop quantum gravity framework. By employing the Hawking temperature and horizon mass of isolated horizons as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-22 Shupeng Song , Gaoping Long , Cong Zhang , Xiangdong Zhang

A general analysis for characterizing and classifying `isolated horizons' is presented in terms of null tetrads and spin coefficients. The freely specifiable spin coefficients corresponding to isolated horizons are identified and specific…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Date

We present a statistical mechanical calculation of the thermodynamical properties of (non rotating) isolated horizons. The introduction of Planck scale allows for the definition of an universal horizon temperature (independent of the mass…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Amit Ghosh , Alejandro Perez

Isolated horizons model equilibrium states of classical black holes. A detailed quantization, starting from a classical phase space restricted to spherically symmetric horizons, exists in the literature and has since been extended to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Christopher Beetle , Jonathan Engle

We point out that the symplectic structure, written in terms of the Sen-Ashtekar-Immirzi-Barbero variables, of a spacetime admitting an isolated horizon as the inner boundary, involves a positive constant parameter, say $\sigma$, if…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-28 Abhishek Majhi

By reintroducing Lorentz invariance in canonical loop quantum gravity, we define a geometrical notion of temperature for quantum isolated horizons. This is done by demanding that the horizon state satisfying the boundary conditions be a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-04 Daniele Pranzetti

Starting with a generalized theory of 2+1 gravity containing an Immirzi like parameter, we derive the modified laws of black hole mechanics using the formalism of weak isolated horizons. Definitions of horizon mass and angular momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-01 Rudranil Basu , Ayan Chatterjee

Recently a multidimensional generalization of Isolated Horizon framework has been proposed by Lewandowski and Pawlowski (gr-qc/0410146). Therein the geometric description was easily generalized to higher dimensions and the structure of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Korzynski , J. Lewandowski , T. Pawlowski

With the usual definitions for the entropy and the temperature associated with the apparent horizon, we show that the unified first law on the apparent horizon is equivalent to the Friedmann equation for the scalar--tensor theory with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-31 Yumei Huang , Yungui Gong , Dicong Liang , Zhu Yi

The isolated horizon framework is extended to include non-minimally coupled scalar fields. As expected from the analysis based on Killing horizons, entropy is no longer given just by (a quarter of) the horizon area but also depends on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Abhay Ashtekar , Alejandro Corichi , Daniel Sudarsky

A set of boundary conditions defining a non-rotating isolated horizon are given in Einstein-Maxwell theory. A space-time representing a black hole which itself is in equilibrium but whose exterior contains radiation admits such a horizon .…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Abhay Ashtekar , Christopher Beetle , Stephen Fairhurst

The formulation of Weak Isolated Horizons (WIH) based on the Isolated Horizon formulation of black hole horizons is reconsidered. The first part of the paper deals with the derivation of laws of mechanics of a WIH. While the zeroth law…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-06 Ayan Chatterjee , Amit Ghosh

A general recipe proposed elsewhere to define, via Noether theorem, the variation of energy for a natural field theory is applied to Einstein-Maxwell theory. The electromagnetic field is analysed in the geometric framework of natural…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Allemandi , M. Francaviglia , M. Raiteri

We study the mechanics of Hayward's trapping horizons, taking isolated horizons as equilibrium states. Zeroth and second laws of dynamic horizon mechanics come from the isolated and trapping horizon formalisms respectively. We derive a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ivan Booth , Stephen Fairhurst

Isolated horizon conditions specialized to spherical symmetry can be imposed directly at the quantum level. This answers several questions concerning horizon degrees of freedom, which are seen to be related to orientation, and its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Martin Bojowald , Rafal Swiderski

In this paper, the entropy of isolated horizons in non-minimally coupling scalar field theory and in the scalar-tensor theory of gravitation is calculated by counting the degree of freedom of quantum states in loop quantum gravity. Instead…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-03 Jingbo Wang , Chao-Guang Huang

In this paper, the isolated horizons with rotation are considered. It is shown that the symplectic form is the same as that in the nonrotating case. As a result, the boundary degrees of freedom can be also described by an SO$(1,1)$ BF…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-07-06 Jingbo Wang , Chao-Guang Huang

We formulate an analogue transverse first law for general closed marginally trapped surfaces in arbitrary spacetimes. The construction is intrinsically quasi-local and is attached directly to an individual marginally trapped surface, rather…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-13 Ramon Torres

The arena normally used in black holes thermodynamics was recently generalized to incorporate a broad class of physically interesting situations. The key idea is to replace the notion of stationary event horizons by that of `isolated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-27 Abhay Ashtekar

We derive all the axi-symmetric, vacuum and electrovac extremal isolated horizons. It turns out that for every horizon in this class, the induced metric tensor, the rotation 1-form potential and the pullback of the electromagnetic field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Jerzy Lewandowski , Tomasz Pawlowski
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