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Electronic skin, a class of wearable electronic sensors that mimic the functionalities of human skin, has made remarkable success in applications including health monitoring, human-machine interaction and electronic-biological interfaces.…
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are promising candidates for future sustainable technologies, including applications within the renewable energy sector, such as solar cells and indoor light recycling, and photodetection. However, the…
The realization of optoelectronic devices on paper has been an outstanding challenge due to the large surface roughness and incompatible nature of paper with optical materials. Here, we demonstrate a new class of optoelectronic devices on a…
Solution-processed organic semiconductors enable the fabrication of large-area and flexible electronics by means of cost-effective, solution-based mass manufacturing techniques. However, for many applications an insoluble active layer can…
A key bottleneck to solar fuels is the absence of stable and strongly absorbing photoelectrode materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Modern approaches generally trade off between stable but weakly absorbing materials, such as…
We introduce a solid material that is itself invisible, possessing identical electromagnetic properties as air (i.e. not a cloak) at a desired frequency. Such a material could provide improved mechanical stability, electrical conduction and…
The orientation of luminescent molecules in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) strongly influences device performance. However, our understanding of the factors controlling emitter orientation is limited as current measurements only…
The advent of graphene and related 2D materials has recently led to a new technology: heterostructures based on these atomically thin crystals. The paradigm proved itself extremely versatile and led to rapid demonstration of tunnelling…
Ultrathin planar absorbing layers, including semiconductor and metal films, and 2D materials, are promising building blocks for solar energy harvesting devices but poor light absorption has been a critical issue. Although interference in…
High-efficiency micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) are key devices for next-generation display technology. However, when the mesa size is reduced to around tens of micrometers or less, the luminous efficiency is constrained by the…
Optical materials with colour-changing abilities have been explored for display devices, smart windows, or modulation of visual appearance. The efficiency of these materials, however, has strong wavelength dependence, which limits their…
Controlling light-matter interactions is emerging as a powerful strategy to enhance the performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). By embedding the emissive layer in planar microcavities or other modified optical environments,…
The interfacial structure plays a critical role in modern optoelectronics. Currently multilayer electrodes are used to optimize the injection and lifetime properties. The choice of interlayer is not universal, with different effects for the…
Visible-light integrated photonics enables compact platforms for sensing, precision metrology, and free-space data links at visible wavelengths. However, many applications remain limited by the lack of high-speed and robust modulators in…
Circularly polarized (CP) electroluminescence from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has aroused considerable attention for their potential in future display and photonic technologies. The development of CP-OLEDs relies largely on…
We designed and synthesized a new organic light-emitting diode (OLED) emitter, SBABz4, containing spiro-biacridine donor (D) in the core surrounded by two benzonitrile acceptors (A). The dual A-DxD-A structure is shown to provide pure-blue…
Electrodes in close proximity to an active area of a device are required for sufficient electrical control. The integration of such electrodes into optical devices can be challenging since low optical losses must be retained to realise high…
p-Conjugated materials, including small molecules and polymers, are attracting substantial attention as novel gain media in semiconductor lasers; they offer many potential advantages not achievable with conventional inorganic…
Organic Electrochemical Transistors (OECTs) stand out for their interplay between ionic and electronic conduction, making them ideal analogues to biological synapses for neuromorphic computing and biosensing applications. Furthermore, they…
Silicon-based integrated photonics has demonstrated significant advances in miniaturization and performance, yet critical challenges remain in achieving efficient on-chip communication at high bandwidths. Plasmonic devices on silicon and…