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Building autonomous -- i.e., choosing goals based on one's needs -- and adaptive -- i.e., surviving in ever-changing environments -- agents has been a holy grail of artificial intelligence (AI). A living organism is a prime example of such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Sungwoo Lee , Younghyun Oh , Hyunhoe An , Hyebhin Yoon , Karl J. Friston , Seok Jun Hong , Choong-Wan Woo

This paper introduces a novel application of Supervised Contrastive Learning (SupCon) to Imitation Learning (IL), with a focus on learning more effective state representations for agents in video game environments. The goal is to obtain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Carlos Celemin , Joseph Brennan , Pierluigi Vito Amadori , Tim Bradley

Using a model of the environment, reinforcement learning agents can plan their future moves and achieve superhuman performance in board games like Chess, Shogi, and Go, while remaining relatively sample-efficient. As demonstrated by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Julien Scholz , Cornelius Weber , Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Stefan Wermter

Despite its omnipresence in robotics application, the nature of spatial knowledge and the mechanisms that underlie its emergence in autonomous agents are still poorly understood. Recent theoretical work suggests that the concept of space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Alban Laflaquière , Michael Garcia Ortiz

To determine an optimal plan for complex tasks, one often deals with dynamic and hierarchical relationships between several entities. Traditionally, such problems are tackled with optimal control, which relies on the optimization of cost…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Matteo Priorelli , Ivilin Peev Stoianov

Designing agent that can autonomously discover and learn a diversity of structures and skills in unknown changing environments is key for lifelong machine learning. A central challenge is how to learn incrementally representations in order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Mayalen Etcheverry , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Chris Reinke

When people observe and interact with physical spaces, they are able to associate functionality to regions in the environment. Our goal is to automate dense functional understanding of large spaces by leveraging sparse activity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-06 Nicholas Rhinehart , Kris M. Kitani

Making sense of the world and acting in it relies on building simplified mental representations that abstract away aspects of reality. This principle of cognitive mapping is universal to agents with limited resources. Living organisms,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Marta Kryven , Cole Wyeth , Aidan Curtis , Kevin Ellis

We design a simple reinforcement learning (RL) agent that implements an optimistic version of $Q$-learning and establish through regret analysis that this agent can operate with some level of competence in any environment. While we leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Shi Dong , Benjamin Van Roy , Zhengyuan Zhou

We present a connectionist architecture that can learn a model of the relations between perceptions and actions and use this model for behavior planning. State representations are learned with a growing self-organizing layer which is…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Marc Toussaint

Autonomous agents (robots) face tremendous challenges while interacting with heterogeneous human agents in close proximity. One of these challenges is that the autonomous agent does not have an accurate model tailored to the specific human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Shuangge Wang , Yiwei Lyu , John M. Dolan

A cognitive map is an internal model which encodes the abstract relationships among entities in the world, giving humans and animals the flexibility to adapt to new situations, with a strong out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Victor Rambaud , Salvador Mascarenhas , Yair Lakretz

In this work we explore a new approach for robots to teach themselves about the world simply by observing it. In particular we investigate the effectiveness of learning task-agnostic representations for continuous control tasks. We extend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Debidatta Dwibedi , Jonathan Tompson , Corey Lynch , Pierre Sermanet

Learning to perform activities through demonstration requires extracting meaningful information about the environment from observations. In this research, we investigate the challenge of planning high-level goal-oriented actions in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jing Bi , Chenliang Xu

Humans can easily understand a single image as depicting multiple potential objects permitting interaction. We use this skill to plan our interactions with the world and accelerate understanding new objects without engaging in interaction.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Shengyi Qian , David F. Fouhey

Efficient exploration is a long-standing problem in sensorimotor learning. Major advances have been demonstrated in noise-free, non-stochastic domains such as video games and simulation. However, most of these formulations either get stuck…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Deepak Pathak , Dhiraj Gandhi , Abhinav Gupta

We study how an autonomous agent learns to perform a task from demonstrations in a different domain, such as a different environment or different agent. Such cross-domain imitation learning is required to, for example, train an artificial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Tim Franzmeyer , Philip H. S. Torr , João F. Henriques

In this paper we consider self-supervised representation learning to improve sample efficiency in reinforcement learning (RL). We propose a forward prediction objective for simultaneously learning embeddings of states and action sequences.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 William Whitney , Rajat Agarwal , Kyunghyun Cho , Abhinav Gupta

Imitation learning is a control design paradigm that seeks to learn a control policy reproducing demonstrations from expert agents. By substituting expert demonstrations for optimal behaviours, the same paradigm leads to the design of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Dharmesh Tailor , Dario Izzo

One aspect of intelligence is the ability to restructure your own environment so that the world you live in becomes more beneficial to you. In this paper we investigate how the information-theoretic measure of agent empowerment can provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-06-09 Christoph Salge , Cornelius Glackin , Daniel Polani