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Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) under class distribution mismatch aims to tackle a challenging problem wherein unlabeled data contain lots of unknown categories unseen in the labeled ones. In such mismatch scenarios, traditional SSL suffers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Pan Du , Suyun Zhao , Zisen Sheng , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

Unsupervised 3D object detection leverages heuristic algorithms to discover potential objects, offering a promising route to reduce annotation costs in autonomous driving. Existing approaches mainly generate pseudo labels and refine them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Xusheng Guo , Wanfa Zhang , Shijia Zhao , Qiming Xia , Xiaolong Xie , Mingming Wang , Hai Wu , Chenglu Wen

Label Smoothing (LS) improves model generalization through penalizing models from generating overconfident output distributions. For each training sample the LS strategy smooths the one-hot encoded training signal by distributing its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Hongyu Guo

Semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) has made significant progress with the development of pseudo-label-based end-to-end methods. However, many of these methods face challenges due to class imbalance, which hinders the effectiveness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Purbayan Kar , Vishal Chudasama , Naoyuki Onoe , Pankaj Wasnik

Open-set Semi-supervised Learning (OSSL) holds a realistic setting that unlabeled data may come from classes unseen in the labeled set, i.e., out-of-distribution (OOD) data, which could cause performance degradation in conventional SSL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yang Yang , Nan Jiang , Yi Xu , De-Chuan Zhan

Modern neural network architectures have shown remarkable success in several large-scale classification and prediction tasks. Part of the success of these architectures is their flexibility to transform the data from the raw input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Xiao Yu , Nakul Verma

In open-world semi-supervised learning (OWSSL), a model learns from labeled data and unlabeled data containing both known and novel classes. In practical OWSSL applications, models are expected to perform rigorous classification by directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Hezhao Liu , Jiacheng Yang , Junlong Gao , Mengke Li , Yiqun Zhang , Shreyank N Gowda , Yang Lu

In learning with noisy labels, the sample selection approach is very popular, which regards small-loss data as correctly labeled during training. However, losses are generated on-the-fly based on the model being trained with noisy labels,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Xiaobo Xia , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han , Mingming Gong , Jun Yu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Learning from noisy labels (LNL) is a challenge that arises in many real-world scenarios where collected training data can contain incorrect or corrupted labels. Most existing solutions identify noisy labels and adopt active learning to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Bo Yuan , Yulin Chen , Yin Zhang , Wei Jiang

Wearable technologies enable continuous monitoring of various health metrics, such as physical activity, heart rate, sleep, and stress levels. A key challenge with wearable data is obtaining quality labels. Unlike modalities like video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Aaqib Saeed , Dimitris Spathis , Jungwoo Oh , Edward Choi , Ali Etemad

Multi-label Learning on Image data has been widely exploited with deep learning models. However, supervised training on deep CNN models often cannot discover sufficient discriminative features for classification. As a result, numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Xu Kaixin , Liu Liyang , Zhao Ziyuan , Zeng Zeng , Bharadwaj Veeravalli

Inference for high-dimensional logistic regression models using penalized methods has been a challenging research problem. As an illustration, a major difficulty is the significant bias of the Lasso estimator, which limits its direct…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-29 Yuming Zhang , Stéphane Guerrier , Runze Li

Large language models (LLMs) typically approach combinatorial optimization as an inference-time procedure, solving each instance separately through sampling, search, or repeated prompting. We ask whether reinforcement learning can instead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Soheyl Massoudi , Gabriel Apaza , Milad Habibi , Mark Fuge

Weak supervision (WS) is an alternative to the traditional supervised learning to address the need for ground truth. Data programming is a practical WS approach that allows programmatic labeling data samples using labeling functions (LFs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Gürkan Solmaz , Flavio Cirillo , Fabio Maresca , Anagha Gode Anil Kumar

Deep neural networks are highly susceptible to overfitting noisy labels, which leads to degraded performance. Existing methods address this issue by employing manually defined criteria, aiming to achieve optimal partitioning in each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Wenzhen Zhang , Debo Cheng , Guangquan Lu , Bo Zhou , Jiaye Li , Shichao Zhang

Modern deep learning heavily relies on large labeled datasets, which often comse with high costs in terms of both manual labeling and computational resources. To mitigate these challenges, researchers have explored the use of informative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-07 Yong Lin , Chen Liu , Chenlu Ye , Qing Lian , Yuan Yao , Tong Zhang

With the development of computational power and techniques for data collection, deep learning demonstrates a superior performance over most existing algorithms on visual benchmark data sets. Many efforts have been devoted to studying the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Yuanhong Xu , Qi Qian , Hao Li , Rong Jin , Juhua Hu

The use of machine learning (ML) inference for various applications is growing drastically. ML inference services engage with users directly, requiring fast and accurate responses. Moreover, these services face dynamic workloads of…

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) alleviates the cost of data labeling process by exploiting unlabeled data and has achieved promising results. Meanwhile, with the development of large foundation models, exploiting pre-trained models becomes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Song-Lin Lv , Rui Zhu , Tong Wei , Yu-Feng Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

Drones are employed in a growing number of visual recognition applications. A recent development in cell tower inspection is drone-based asset surveillance, where the autonomous flight of a drone is guided by localizing objects of interest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Shakeeb Murtaza , Soufiane Belharbi , Marco Pedersoli , Aydin Sarraf , Eric Granger