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Modern Industrial Control Systems (ICS) attacks evade existing tools by using knowledge of ICS processes to blend their activities with benign Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) operation, causing physical world damages. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Moses Ike , Kandy Phan , Keaton Sadoski , Romuald Valme , Wenke Lee

IP spoofing enables reflection and amplification attacks, which cause major threats to the current Internet infrastructure. Detecting IP packets with incorrect source addresses would help to improve the situation. This is easy at the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Jasper Eumann , Raphael Hiesgen , Thomas C. Schmidt , Matthias Wählisch

Industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPSs) manage critical infrastructures by controlling the processes based on the "physics" data gathered by edge sensor networks. Recent innovations in ubiquitous computing and communication technologies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Hakan Kayan , Matthew Nunes , Omer Rana , Pete Burnap , Charith Perera

The ongoing trend to move industrial appliances from previously isolated networks to the Internet requires fundamental changes in security to uphold secure and safe operation. Consequently, to ensure end-to-end secure communication and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Markus Dahlmanns , Johannes Lohmöller , Jan Pennekamp , Jörn Bodenhausen , Klaus Wehrle , Martin Henze

Pipeline bursting, production lines shut down, frenzy traffic, trains confrontation, nuclear reactor shut down, disrupted electric supply, interrupted oxygen supply in ICU - these catastrophic events could result because of an erroneous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Geeta Yadav , Kolin Paul

Network telescopes serve as a critical passive monitoring tool for capturing unsolicited Internet traffic, providing insights into global scanning and reconnaissance behavior. This study analyzes a 10-day dataset during January 2025…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shereen Ismail , Taelyn Dyer , Raul Martinez , Garrett Gastman , Yozelyn Chavez , Asma Jodeiri Akbarfam

Transport protocols use port numbers to allow connection multiplexing on Internet hosts. TCP as well as UDP, the two most widely used transport protocols, have limitations on what constitutes a valid and invalid port number. One example of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Aniss Maghsoudlou , Oliver Gasser , Anja Feldmann

While scans of the IPv4 space are ubiquitous, today little is known about scanning activity in the IPv6 Internet. In this work, we present a longitudinal and detailed empirical study on large-scale IPv6 scanning behavior in the Internet,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Philipp Richter , Oliver Gasser , Arthur Berger

Communication between sensors, actors and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) in industrial systems moves from two-wire field buses to IP-based protocols such as Modbus/TCP. This increases the attack surface because the IP-based network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Matthias Niedermaier , Martin Striegel , Felix Sauer , Dominik Merli , Georg Sigl

Considering the attacks against industrial control system are mostly organized and premeditated actions, IP traceback is significant for the security of industrial control system. Based on the infrastructure of the Internet, we have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Feng Xiao , Qiang Xu

Cybersecurity, security monitoring of malicious events in IP traffic, is an important field largely unexplored by statisticians. Computer scientists have made significant contributions in this area using statistical anomaly detection and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Ganesh Subramaniam , Huan Chen , Ravi Varadhan , Robert Archibald

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) encompassing resources for process automation are subjected to a wide variety of security threats. The threat landscape is arising due to increased adoption of Commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) products as well…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-08 Abhinav Biswas , Sukanya Karunakaran

While data from Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems is sent upstream, it is both the length of pulses as well as their frequency present an excellent opportunity to incor-porate statistical fingerprinting. This is so,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Junaid Chaudhry , Uvais Qidwai , Mahdi H. Miraz

Industrial control systems (ICS), which in many cases are components of critical national infrastructure, are increasingly being connected to other networks and the wider internet motivated by factors such as enhanced operational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Cheng Feng , Tingting Li , Zhanxing Zhu , Deeph Chana

Over the past few decades, Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) have been targeted by cyberattacks and are becoming increasingly vulnerable as more ICSs are connected to the internet. Using Machine Learning (ML) for Intrusion Detection Systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Alireza Dehlaghi-Ghadim , Mahshid Helali Moghadam , Ali Balador , Hans Hansson

A considerable portion of the machine learning literature applied to intrusion detection uses outdated data sets based on a simulated network with a limited environment. Moreover, flaws usually appear in datasets and the way we handle them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Veronica del Carmen Estrada

Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) rely on insecure protocols and devices to monitor and operate critical infrastructure. Prior work has demonstrated that powerful attackers with detailed system knowledge can manipulate exchanged sensor data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Herson Esquivel-Vargas , John Henry Castellanos , Marco Caselli , Nils Ole Tippenhauer , Andreas Peter

Neural networks are increasingly used for intrusion detection on industrial control systems (ICS). With neural networks being vulnerable to adversarial examples, attackers who wish to cause damage to an ICS can attempt to hide their attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Giulio Zizzo , Chris Hankin , Sergio Maffeis , Kevin Jones

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are widely used in industry, and their security and stability are very important. Once the ICS is attacked, it may cause serious damage. Therefore, it is very important to detect anomalies in ICSs. ICS can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Dongyang Zhan , Wenqi Zhang , Lin Ye , Xiangzhan Yu , Hongli Zhang , Zheng He

Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) are complex interconnected systems used to manage process control within industrial environments, such as chemical processing plants and water treatment facilities. As the modern industrial environment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jaxson Brown , Duc-Son Pham , Sie-Teng Soh , Foad Motalebi , Sivaraman Eswaran , Mahathir Almashor