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In Kalman filtering, unknown inputs are often estimated by augmenting the state vector, which introduces reliance on fictitious input models. In contrast, minimum-variance unbiased methods estimate inputs and states separately, avoiding…

Extensive evaluation of perception systems is crucial for ensuring the safety of intelligent vehicles in complex driving scenarios. Conventional performance metrics such as precision, recall and the F1-score assess the overall detection…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jörg Gamerdinger , Sven Teufel , Stephan Amann , Lukas Marc Listl , Oliver Bringmann

Hybrid reasoning systems that combine learned components with model-based inference are increasingly deployed in tool-augmented decision loops, yet their runtime behavior under partial observability and sustained evidence mismatch remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Barak Or

This paper investigates runtime monitoring of perception systems. Perception is a critical component of high-integrity applications of robotics and autonomous systems, such as self-driving cars. In these applications, failure of perception…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Pasquale Antonante , Heath Nilsen , Luca Carlone

Ensuring safety is the primary objective of automated driving, which necessitates a comprehensive and accurate perception of the environment. While numerous performance evaluation metrics exist for assessing perception capabilities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jörg Gamerdinger , Sven Teufel , Stephan Amann , Oliver Bringmann

Precise localization is a core ability of an autonomous vehicle. It is a prerequisite for motion planning and execution. The well-established localization approaches such as Kalman and particle filters require a probabilistic observation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Oleg Shipitko , Vladislav Kibalov , Maxim Abramov

The Kalman filter is an algorithm for the estimation of hidden variables in dynamical systems under linear Gauss-Markov assumptions with widespread applications across different fields. Recently, its Bayesian interpretation has received a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-23 Manuel Baltieri , Takuya Isomura

Self-assessment is a key aspect of reliable intelligence, yet evaluations of large language models (LLMs) focus mainly on task accuracy. We adapted the 10-item General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) to elicit simulated self-assessments from ten…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Daniel I Jackson , Emma L Jensen , Syed-Amad Hussain , Emre Sezgin

This paper studies the distributed state estimation problem for a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with nonlinear uncertain dynamics over time-varying topologies of sensor networks. An extended state vector consisting of the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Xingkang He , Xiaocheng Zhang , Wenchao Xue , Haitao Fang

Standard maximum likelihood or Bayesian approaches to parameter estimation for stochastic differential equations are not robust to perturbations in the continuous-in-time data. In this paper, we give a rather elementary explanation of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Sebastian Reich

Artificial agents now generate behavior rich enough to invite trust, surprise, and concern, yet our evaluation tools still privilege capability scores over psychological structure. This paper argues that the philosophical impasse between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Alex Bogdan , Adrian de Valois-Franklin

Model Predictive Control (MPC) represents nowadays one of the main methods employed for process control in industry. Its strong suits comprise a simple algorithm based on a straightforward formulation and the flexibility to deal with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-23 Alberto Zenere , Mattia Zorzi

Safe and reliable autonomy solutions are a critical component of next-generation intelligent transportation systems. Autonomous vehicles in such systems must reason about complex and dynamic driving scenes in real time and anticipate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Liam A. Kruse , Esen Yel , Ransalu Senanayake , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Autonomous systems with machine learning-based perception can exhibit unpredictable behaviors that are difficult to quantify, let alone verify. Such behaviors are convenient to capture in probabilistic models, but probabilistic model…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Matthew Cleaveland , Ivan Ruchkin , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee

Due to the exponential growth of information and the need for efficient information consumption the task of summarization has gained paramount importance. Evaluating summarization accurately and objectively presents significant challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Dong Yuan , Eti Rastogi , Fen Zhao , Sagar Goyal , Gautam Naik , Sree Prasanna Rajagopal

Evaluation methods for autonomous driving are crucial for algorithm optimization. However, due to the complexity of driving intelligence, there is currently no comprehensive evaluation method for the level of autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Shanhe You , Xuewen Luo , Xinhe Liang , Jiashu Yu , Chen Zheng , Jiangtao Gong

Effective caching is crucial for the performance of modern-day computing systems. A key optimization problem arising in caching -- which item to evict to make room for a new item -- cannot be optimally solved without knowing the future.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Jakub Chłędowski , Adam Polak , Bartosz Szabucki , Konrad Zolna

The primary focus of autonomous driving research is to improve driving accuracy. While great progress has been made, state-of-the-art algorithms still fail at times. Such failures may have catastrophic consequences. It therefore is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-07 Simon Hecker , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

This paper explores a pragmatic approach to multiple object tracking where the main focus is to associate objects efficiently for online and realtime applications. To this end, detection quality is identified as a key factor influencing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-10 Alex Bewley , Zongyuan Ge , Lionel Ott , Fabio Ramos , Ben Upcroft

Most of the advanced control systems use sensor-based feedback for robust control. Tilt angle estimation is key feedback for many robotics and mechatronics applications in order to stabilize a system. Tilt angle cannot be directly measured…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Anandhu Suresh , Karnam Venkata Manga Raju