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The score-based query attacks (SQAs) pose practical threats to deep neural networks by crafting adversarial perturbations within dozens of queries, only using the model's output scores. Nonetheless, we note that if the loss trend of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Sizhe Chen , Zhehao Huang , Qinghua Tao , Yingwen Wu , Cihang Xie , Xiaolin Huang

Adversarial examples have recently proven to be able to fool deep learning methods by adding carefully crafted small perturbation to the input space image. In this paper, we study the possibility of generating adversarial examples for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-22 Sobhan Soleymani , Ali Dabouei , Jeremy Dawson , Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Advances in deep learning and representation learning have transformed item factor analysis (IFA) in the item response theory (IRT) literature by enabling more efficient and accurate parameter estimation. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-03 Nanyu Luo , Feng Ji

Deep learning constitutes a pivotal component within the realm of machine learning, offering remarkable capabilities in tasks ranging from image recognition to natural language processing. However, this very strength also renders deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Saminder Dhesi , Laura Fontes , Pedro Machado , Isibor Kennedy Ihianle , Farhad Fassihi Tash , David Ada Adama

The existence of adversarial examples capable of fooling trained neural network classifiers calls for a much better understanding of possible attacks to guide the development of safeguards against them. This includes attack methods in the…

Recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) to adversarial examples - a visually indistinguishable adversarial image can easily be crafted to cause a well-trained model to misclassify. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-13 Pin-Yu Chen , Yash Sharma , Huan Zhang , Jinfeng Yi , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Adversarial attacks on machine learning algorithms have been a key deterrent to the adoption of AI in many real-world use cases. They significantly undermine the ability of high-performance neural networks by forcing misclassifications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Nandish Chattopadhyay , Atreya Goswami , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Today text classification models have been widely used. However, these classifiers are found to be easily fooled by adversarial examples. Fortunately, standard attacking methods generate adversarial texts in a pair-wise way, that is, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Yankun Ren , Jianbin Lin , Siliang Tang , Jun Zhou , Shuang Yang , Yuan Qi , Xiang Ren

We introduce the concept of deceptive diffusion -- training a generative AI model to produce adversarial images. Whereas a traditional adversarial attack algorithm aims to perturb an existing image to induce a misclassificaton, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Lucas Beerens , Catherine F. Higham , Desmond J. Higham

Numerous safety- or security-critical systems depend on cameras to perceive their surroundings, further allowing artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the captured images to make important decisions. However, a concerning attack vector…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Youqian Zhang , Michael Cheung , Chunxi Yang , Xinwei Zhai , Zitong Shen , Xinyu Ji , Eugene Y. Fu , Sze-Yiu Chau , Xiapu Luo

In spite of intense research efforts, deep neural networks remain vulnerable to adversarial examples: an input that forces the network to confidently produce incorrect outputs. Adversarial examples are typically generated by an attack…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-02 David Aaron Nicholson , Vincent Emanuele

State-of-the-art deep learning models for tabular data have recently achieved acceptable performance to be deployed in industrial settings. However, the robustness of these models remains scarcely explored. Contrary to computer vision,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Thibault Simonetto , Salah Ghamizi , Antoine Desjardins , Maxime Cordy , Yves Le Traon

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, malicious inputs crafted to fool trained models. Adversarial examples often exhibit black-box transfer, meaning that adversarial examples for one model can fool another model. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Qian Huang , Isay Katsman , Horace He , Zeqi Gu , Serge Belongie , Ser-Nam Lim

Detecting adversarial examples currently stands as one of the biggest challenges in the field of deep learning. Adversarial attacks, which produce adversarial examples, increase the prediction likelihood of a target class for a particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Utku Ozbulak , Arnout Van Messem , Wesley De Neve

Recent advancements in image synthesis, particularly with the advent of GAN and Diffusion models, have amplified public concerns regarding the dissemination of disinformation. To address such concerns, numerous AI-generated Image (AIGI)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yunfeng Diao , Naixin Zhai , Changtao Miao , Zitong Yu , Xingxing Wei , Xun Yang , Meng Wang

Image quality assessment (IQA) models aim to establish a quantitative relationship between visual images and their perceptual quality by human observers. IQA modeling plays a special bridging role between vision science and engineering…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Zhengfang Duanmu , Wentao Liu , Zhongling Wang , Zhou Wang

The decoder-based machine learning generative algorithms such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), Variational Auto-Encoders (VAE), Transformers show impressive results when constructing objects similar to those in a training ensemble.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Gabriel Turinici

Compared with traditional machine learning models, deep neural networks perform better, especially in image classification tasks. However, they are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Adding small perturbations on examples causes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Zifei Zhang , Kai Qiao , Lingyun Jiang , Linyuan Wang , Bin Yan

Image Quality Assessment (IQA) models are increasingly relied upon to evaluate image quality in real-world systems -- from compression and enhancement to generation and streaming. Yet their adoption brings a fundamental risk: these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Igor Meleshin , Anna Chistyakova , Anastasia Antsiferova , Dmitriy Vatolin

Deepfakes, created using advanced AI techniques such as Variational Autoencoder and Generative Adversarial Networks, have evolved from research and entertainment applications into tools for malicious activities, posing significant threats…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yamini Sri Krubha , Aryana Hou , Braden Vester , Web Walker , Xin Wang , Li Lin , Shu Hu