Related papers: Theorems of Euclidean Geometry through Calculus

This article provides a pedagogically oriented introduction to geometric (Clifford) calculus on pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. Unlike usual approaches to the topic, which rely on embedding the geometric algebra either within a tensor algebra…

We use methods from exterior differential systems (EDS) to develop a geometric theory of scalar, first-order Lagrangian functionals and their associated Euler-Lagrange PDEs, subject to contact transformations. The first chapter contains an…

In this paper we describe the geometry of distributions by their symmetries, and present a simplified proof of the Frobenius theorem and some related corollaries. Then, we study the geometry of solutions of $F-$Gordon equation; A PDE which…

The Apollonius theorem gives the length of a median of a triangle in terms of the lengths of its sides. The straightforward generalization of this theorem obtained for m-simplices in the n-dimensional Euclidean space for n greater than or…

In the present paper we generalise transference theorems from the classical geometry of numbers to the geometry of numbers over the ring of adeles of a number field. To this end we introduce a notion of polarity for adelic convex bodies.

By the methods of the synthetic geometry we investigate properties of objects generated from a complete quadrangle and a line, which lies in its plane. We start with a problem from the book of Sharygin "Problems in Plane Geometry". We…

In this paper, we propose that 'embodied mathematics' should be studied not only by reduction to the present individual bodily experience but in an historical context as well, as far as the origins of mathematics are concerned. Some early…

Much like in the theory of algebraic geometry, we develop a correspondence between certain types of algebraic and geometric objects. The basic algebraic environment we work in is the a semifield of fractions H(x1,...,xn) of the polynomial…

The paper concerns the theory of parabolic equations on a broad class of closed subsets of Euclidean space possessing a kind of tangent structure. A necessary framework for considering evolutionary problems is developed, and fundamental…

This paper is a sequel to arXiv:2511.01024 (Base 1), where an axiomatic framework for angles and the foundations of difference-angle geometry were introduced. In difference-angle geometry, where the difference of slopes of lines is treated…

Projective geometry provides the preferred framework for most implementations of Euclidean space in graphics applications. Translations and rotations are both linear transformations in projective geometry, which helps when it comes to…

While the contents of Euclid's Elements are well-known these days, some characters of the original text have been overlooked due to interpretation by modern mathematical languages. The lens of modern mathematics once anachronistically…

The three key documents for study geometry are: 1) "The Elements" of Euclid, 2) the lecture by B. Riemann at G\"ottingen in 1854 entitled "\"Uber die Hypothesen welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen" (On the hypotheses which underlie…

We trace the development of arguments for the consistency of non-Euclidean geometries and for the independence of the parallel postulate, showing how the arguments become more rigorous as a formal conception of geometry is introduced. We…

We examine a class of geometric theorems on cyclic 2n-gons. We prove that if we take n disjoint pairs of sides, each pair separated by an even number of polygon sides, then there is a linear combination of the angles between those sides…

The distance geometry problem asks to find a realization of a given simple edge-weighted graph in a Euclidean space of given dimension K, where the edges are realized as straight segments of lengths equal (or as close as possible) to the…

There exists a well established differential topological theory of singularities of ordinary differential equations. It has mainly studied scalar equations of low order. We propose an extension of the key concepts to arbitrary systems of…

Certain topics on polygons are extended from Euclidean to hyperbolic geometry. This first part deals with uniqueness and existence of cocyclic polygons with prescribed sidelengths. The non-Euclidean versions are more difficult due to the…

So far, the most magnificent breakthrough in mathematics in the 21st century is the Geometrization Theorem, a bold conjecture by William Thurston (generalizing Poincar\'e's Conjecture) and proved by Grigory Perelman, based on the program…

A deformed differential calculus is developed based on an associative star-product. In two dimensions the Hamiltonian vector fields model the algebra of pseudo-differential operator, as used in the theory of integrable systems. Thus one…