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In statistical inference, a discrepancy between the parameter-to-observable map that generates the data and the parameter-to-observable map that is used for inference can lead to misspecified likelihoods and thus to incorrect estimates. In…
We study inverse boundary problems for evolutionary PDEs using only a single passive boundary observation, where data from an unknown internal source propagate through an unknown medium without active inputs. The goal is the simultaneous…
Cosmological probes pose an inverse problem where the measurement result is obtained through observations, and the objective is to infer values of model parameters which characterize the underlying physical system -- our Universe. Modern…
Accurately perceiving instances and predicting their future motion are key tasks for autonomous vehicles, enabling them to navigate safely in complex urban traffic. While bird's-eye view (BEV) representations are commonplace in perception…
The observed eclipsing time variations in post-common-envelope binaries (PCEBs) can be interpreted as potential evidence for massive Jupiter-like planets, or as a result of magnetic activity, leading to quasi-periodic changes in the…
We propose a Bayesian inference framework to estimate uncertainties in inverse scattering problems. Given the observed data, the forward model and their uncertainties, we find the posterior distribution over a finite parameter field…
Analytical expressions for the orbital precessions affecting the relative motion of the components of a local binary system induced by Lorentz-violating Preferred Frame Effects (PFE) are explicitly computed in terms of the PPN parameters…
We present the next generation public exoplanet fitting software, EXOFASTv2. It is capable of fitting an arbitrary number of planets, radial velocity data sets, astrometric data sets, and/or transits observed with any combination of…
This article develops a framework for testing general hypothesis in high-dimensional models where the number of variables may far exceed the number of observations. Existing literature has considered less than a handful of hypotheses, such…
We present SPIDERMAN, a fast code for calculating exoplanet phase curves and secondary eclipses with arbitrary surface brightness distributions in two dimensions. Using a geometrical algorithm, the code solves exactly the area of sections…
Microstructural materials design is one of the most important applications of inverse modeling in materials science. Generally speaking, there are two broad modeling paradigms in scientific applications: forward and inverse. While the…
Reconstructing PDE solutions from sparse observations is a core challenge in scientific computing. We present FM4PDE, a flow-matching generative framework that learns the joint distribution of PDE coefficients (or initial states) and…
Binaries play key roles in determining stellar parameters and exploring stellar evolution models. We build a catalog of 88 eclipsing binaries with spectroscopic information, taking advantage of observations from both the Large Sky Area…
We consider the inverse problem of estimating parameters of a driven diffusion (e.g., the underlying fluid flow, diffusion coefficient, or source terms) from point measurements of a passive scalar (e.g., the concentration of a pollutant).…
In the era of large time-domain spectro-photometric surveys, surface variations such as starspots, chemical inhomogeneities, pulsations, rotational distortions, and binary interactions can now be directly detected and modelled. Accurately…
We propose a probabilistic framework for performing simultaneous estimation of source structure and fringe-fitting parameters in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations. As a first step, we demonstrate this technique through…
We present an efficient method for computing A-optimal experimental designs for infinite-dimensional Bayesian linear inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). Specifically, we address the problem of optimizing the…
Transiting exoplanet parameter estimation from time-series photometry and Doppler spectroscopy is fundamental to study planets' internal structures and compositions. Here we present the code pyaneti, a powerful and user-friendly software…
A trending astronomical phenomenon to study is the variation in brightness of asteroids, caused by its rotation on its own axis, non-spherical shapes, changes of albedo along its surface and its position relative to the sun. The latter…
Reconstructing the structure of thin films and multilayers from measurements of scattered X-rays or neutrons is key to progress in physics, chemistry, and biology. However, finding all structures compatible with reflectometry data is…