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The Epoch of Reionization (EoR)---when neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium was systematically ionized---is a period in our Universe's history that is currently poorly understood. However, a key prediction of most models is a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-25 Michael Pagano , Adrian Liu

Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropies from Planck have estimated a lower value of the optical depth to reionization ($\tau$) compared to WMAP. A significant period in the reionization history would then fall…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 Dhiraj Kumar Hazra , Daniela Paoletti , Fabio Finelli , George F. Smoot

We study the constraints that future multifrequency Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments will be able to set on the metal enrichment history of the Inter Galactic Medium at the epoch of reionisation. We forecast the signal to noise…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Carlos Hernandez-Monteagudo , Licia Verde , Raul Jimenez

We construct foreground simulations comprising spatially correlated extragalactic and diffuse Galactic emission components and calculate the `intrinsic' (instrument-free) two-dimensional spatial power spectrum and the cylindrically and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Peter H. Sims , Lindley Lentati , Paul Alexander , Chris L. Carilli

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) provides critical insights into the role of early galaxies in shaping the ionization state of the universe. However, because of the opacity of the intergalactic medium, it is often not possible to make direct…

Cosmic baryon evolution during the Cosmic Dawn and Reionization results in redshifted 21-cm spectral distortions in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These encode information about the nature and timing of first sources over redshifts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-04 Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Ravi Subrahmanyan , N Udaya Shankar , Jens Chluba

We test the hypothesis that limitations in the sky model used to calibrate an interferometric radio telescope, where the model contains extended radio sources, will generate bias in the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) power spectrum. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Cathryn M. Trott , Randall B. Wayth

Recent years have witnessed rapid progress in observations of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). These have enabled high-dimensional inference of galaxy and intergalactic medium (IGM) properties during the first billion years of our Universe.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-09 Daniela Breitman , Andrei Mesinger , Steven Murray , David Prelogovic , Yuxiang Qin , Roberto Trotta

We examine the constraints on high-redshift star formation, ultraviolet and X-ray pre-ionization, and the epoch of reionization at redshift z_r, inferred from the recent WMAP-5 measurement, tau_e = 0.084 +/- 0.016, of the electron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Michael Shull , Aparna Venkatesan

Large-scale polarization of the cosmic microwave background measured by the WMAP satellite requires a mean optical depth to Thomson scattering, tau_e ~ 0.17. The reionization of the universe must therefore have begun at relatively high…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. Ciardi , A. Ferrara , S. D. M. White

Cosmic reionization holds the key to understand structure formation in the Universe, and can inform us about the properties of the first sources, as their star formation efficiency and escape fraction of ionizing photons. By combining the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 Sourav Mitra , T. Roy Choudhury , Andrea Ferrara

The optical depth to reionization, $\tau$, is the least constrained parameter of the cosmological $\Lambda$CDM model. To date, its most precise value is inferred from large-scale polarized CMB power spectra from the ${\it Planck}$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-10 Kevin Wolz , Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff , Luca Pagano

We propose a new way to reconstruct the ionized-bubble size distribution during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) through the real-space cross-correlation of 21-cm and star-forming line-intensity maps. Understanding the evolution and timing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 Emilie Thélie , Sarah Libanore , Yonatan Sklansky , Julian B. Muñoz , Ely D. Kovetz

The epoch of reionization (EoR), marking the Universe's transition from a neutral to ionized state, represents a pivotal phase for understanding the formation of the first stars and galaxies. Intensity mapping of atomic and molecular lines,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-17 Anirban Roy , Anthony Pullen , Patrick C. Breysse , Rachel S. Somerville

A number of experiments are currently working towards a measurement of the 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization. Whether or not these experiments deliver a detection of cosmological emission, their limited sensitivity will prevent…

One of the principal systematic constraints on the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) experiment is the accuracy of the foreground calibration model. Recent results have shown that highly accurate models of extended foreground sources, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 C. R. Lynch , T. J. Galvin , J. L. B. Line , C. H. Jordan , C. M. Trott , J. K. Chege , B. McKinley , M. Johnston-Hollitt , S. J. Tingay

The prospect of detecting the first galaxies by observing their impact on the intergalactic medium as they reionized it during the first billion years leads us to ask whether such indirect observations are capable of diagnosing which types…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Ilian T. Iliev , Garrelt Mellema , Paul R. Shapiro , Ue-Li Pen , Yi Mao , Jun Koda , Kyungjin Ahn

Statistical observations of the epoch of reionization (EOR) power spectrum provide a rich data set for understanding the transition from the cosmic "dark ages" to the ionized universe we see today. EOR observations have become an active…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Judd D. Bowman , Miguel F. Morales , Jacqueline N. Hewitt

The GMRT reionization effort aims to map out the large scale structure of the Universe during the epoch of reionization (EoR). Removal of polarized Galactic emission is a difficult part of any 21 cm EoR program, and we present new upper…