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Mechanistic interpretability is concerned with analyzing individual components in a (convolutional) neural network (CNN) and how they form larger circuits representing decision mechanisms. These investigations are challenging since CNNs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Robin Hesse , Jonas Fischer , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

Deep neural networks use multiple layers of functions to map an object represented by an input vector progressively to different representations, and with sufficient training, eventually to a single score for each class that is the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Tin Kam Ho

We investigate the complexity of deep neural networks through the lens of functional equivalence, which posits that different parameterizations can yield the same network function. Leveraging the equivalence property, we present a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Guohao Shen

Image decomposition aims to analyze an image into elementary components, which is essential for numerous downstream tasks and also by nature provides certain interpretability to the analysis. Deep learning can be powerful for such tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Sihan Wang , Shangqi Gao , Fuping Wu , Xiahai Zhuang

While deep neural networks (DNN) have become an effective computational tool, the prediction results are often criticized by the lack of interpretability, which is essential in many real-world applications such as health informatics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Qingquan Song , Xia Hu

This work describes how the formalization of complex network concepts in terms of discrete mathematics, especially mathematical morphology, allows a series of generalizations and important results ranging from new measurements of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-09-19 Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Luis Enrique C. da Rocha

Learning to disentangle and represent factors of variation in data is an important problem in AI. While many advances have been made to learn these representations, it is still unclear how to quantify disentanglement. While several metrics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Marc-André Carbonneau , Julian Zaidi , Jonathan Boilard , Ghyslain Gagnon

Even though Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely celebrated for their practical performance, they possess many intriguing properties related to depth that are difficult to explain both theoretically and intuitively. Understanding how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Christopher Snyder , Sriram Vishwanath

In this paper, we evaluate the quality of knowledge representations encoded in deep neural networks (DNNs) for 3D point cloud processing. We propose a method to disentangle the overall model vulnerability into the sensitivity to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Wen Shen , Qihan Ren , Dongrui Liu , Quanshi Zhang

Standard deep neural networks (DNNs) are commonly trained in an end-to-end fashion for specific tasks such as object recognition, face identification, or character recognition, among many examples. This specificity often leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Raphaël Achddou , J. Matias di Martino , Guillermo Sapiro

Graph neural networks aim to learn representations for graph-structured data and show impressive performance, particularly in node classification. Recently, many methods have studied the representations of GNNs from the perspective of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Jiaqi Sun , Lin Zhang , Guangyi Chen , Kun Zhang , Peng XU , Yujiu Yang

While the success of deep neural networks (DNNs) is well-established across a variety of domains, our ability to explain and interpret these methods is limited. Unlike previously proposed local methods which try to explain particular…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-29 Jonathan Ish-Horowicz , Dana Udwin , Seth Flaxman , Sarah Filippi , Lorin Crawford

DNNs have gained widespread adoption in feature interaction recommendation models. However, there has been a longstanding debate on their roles. On one hand, some works claim that DNNs possess the ability to implicitly capture high-order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jiancheng Wang , Mingjia Yin , Hao Wang , Enhong Chen

The fractal dimension provides a statistical index of object complexity by studying how the pattern changes with the measuring scale. Although useful in several classification tasks, the fractal dimension is under-explored in deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Julia El Zini , Bassel Musharrafieh , Mariette Awad

There are good arguments to support the claim that deep neural networks (DNNs) capture better feature representations than the previous hand-crafted feature engineering, which leads to a significant performance improvement. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Yao Lu , Wen Yang , Yunzhe Zhang , Zuohui Chen , Jinyin Chen , Qi Xuan , Zhen Wang , Xiaoniu Yang

One of the biggest challenges for deep learning algorithms in medical image analysis is the indiscriminate mixing of image properties, e.g. artifacts and anatomy. These entangled image properties lead to a semantically redundant feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Qingjie Meng , Nick Pawlowski , Daniel Rueckert , Bernhard Kainz

We propose a novel perspective to understand deep neural networks in an interpretable disentanglement form. For each semantic class, we extract a class-specific functional subnetwork from the original full model, with compressed structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Yulong Wang , Xiaolin Hu , Hang Su

We propose a general framework called Network Dissection for quantifying the interpretability of latent representations of CNNs by evaluating the alignment between individual hidden units and a set of semantic concepts. Given any CNN model,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-20 David Bau , Bolei Zhou , Aditya Khosla , Aude Oliva , Antonio Torralba

Features play a crucial role in computer vision. Initially designed to detect salient elements by means of handcrafted algorithms, features are now often learned by different layers in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Loris Nanni , Stefano Ghidoni , Sheryl Brahnam

While various complexity measures for deep neural networks exist, specifying an appropriate measure capable of predicting and explaining generalization in deep networks has proven challenging. We propose Neural Complexity (NC), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Yoonho Lee , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Eunho Yang , Seungjin Choi