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Recent financial disasters emphasised the need to investigate the consequence associated with the tail co-movements among institutions; episodes of contagion are frequently observed and increase the probability of large losses affecting…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-11-05 Mauro Bernardi , Ghislaine Gayraud , Lea Petrella

In this paper, we investigate risk measures such as value at risk (VaR) and the conditional tail expectation (CTE) of the extreme (maximum and minimum) and the aggregate (total) of two dependent risks. In finance, insurance and the other…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-02-01 Suman Thapa , Yiqiang Q. Zhao

We consider (robust) inference in the context of a factor model for tensor-valued sequences. We study the consistency of the estimated common factors and loadings space when using estimators based on minimising quadratic loss functions.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-29 Matteo Barigozzi , Yong He , Lingxiao Li , Lorenzo Trapani

This study introduces a new analytical framework for quantifying multivariate risk measures. Using the Wishart process, which is a stochastic process with values in the space of positive definite matrices, we derive several conditional tail…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-09 Jose Da Fonseca , Patrick Wong

Rare events, and more general risk-sensitive quantities-of-interest (QoIs), are significantly impacted by uncertainty in the tail behavior of a distribution. Uncertainty in the tail can take many different forms, each of which leads to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-22 Jeremiah Birrell , Paul Dupuis , Markos A. Katsoulakis , Luc Rey-Bellet , Jie Wang

Despite recent success, state-of-the-art learning-based models remain highly vulnerable to input changes such as adversarial examples. In order to obtain certifiable robustness against such perturbations, recent work considers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Max Losch , David Stutz , Bernt Schiele , Mario Fritz

Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) and value-at-risk (VaR) are popular tail-risk measures in finance and insurance industries as well as in highly reliable, safety-critical uncertain environments where often the underlying probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Shubhada Agrawal , Wouter M. Koolen , Sandeep Juneja

We introduce the concept of partial law invariance, generalizing the concepts of law invariance and probabilistic sophistication widely used in decision theory, as well as statistical and financial applications. This new concept is…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-24 Yi Shen , Zachary Van Oosten , Ruodu Wang

Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimation at high confidence levels is inherently a rare-event problem and is particularly sensitive to tail behavior and model misspecification. This paper studies the performance of two simulation-based VaR estimation…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-16 Aditri

Risk measures such as Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) focus on extreme losses, where scarce tail data makes model error unavoidable. To hedge misspecification, one evaluates worst-case tail risk over an ambiguity set. Using Extreme Value…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-22 Anand Deo

There are many ways of measuring and modeling tail-dependence in random vectors: from the general framework of multivariate regular variation and the flexible class of max-stable vectors down to simple and concise summary measures like the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-12-05 Anja Janßen , Sebastian Neblung , Stilian Stoev

We introduce a novel class of systemic risk measures, the Vulnerability Conditional risk measures, which try to capture the "tail risk" of a risky position in scenarios where one or more market participants is experiencing financial…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-15 Tong Pu , Yunran Wei , Yiying Zhang

Starting from the requirement that risk measures of financial portfolios should be based on their losses, not their gains, we define the notion of loss-based risk measure and study the properties of this class of risk measures. We…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-03-26 Rama Cont , Romain Deguest , Xuedong He

Basel II and Solvency 2 both use the Value-at-Risk (VaR) as the risk measure to compute the Capital Requirements. In practice, to calibrate the VaR, a normal approximation is often chosen for the unknown distribution of the yearly log…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-11-04 Marie Kratz

In safety-critical deep learning applications, robustness measures the ability of neural models that handle imperceptible perturbations in input data, which may lead to potential safety hazards. Existing pre-deployment robustness assessment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenchuan Mu , Kwan Hui Lim

Systemic risk measures quantify the potential risk to an individual financial constituent arising from the distress of entire financial system. As a generalization of two widely applied risk measures, Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-24 Qingzhao Zhong , Yanxi Hou

The global financial crisis of 2007-2009 highlighted the crucial role systemic risk plays in ensuring stability of financial markets. Accurate assessment of systemic risk would enable regulators to introduce suitable policies to mitigate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Natalia Nolde , Chen Zhou , Menglin Zhou

In this article, by using composite asymmetric least squares (CALS) and empirical likelihood, we propose a two-step procedure to estimate the conditional value at risk (VaR) and conditional expected shortfall (ES) for the GARCH series.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Sheng Wu , Yi Zhang , Jun Zhao , Liming Shen

Estimation of tail quantities, such as expected shortfall or Value at Risk, is a difficult problem. We show how the theory of nonlinear expectations, in particular the Data-robust expectation introduced in [5], can assist in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-15 Samuel N. Cohen

Expectile, as the minimizer of an asymmetric quadratic loss function, is a coherent risk measure and is helpful to use more information about the distribution of the considered risk. In this paper, we propose a new risk measure by replacing…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-31 Qian Xiong , Zuoxiang Peng