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We present explicit classes of probability distributions that can be learned by Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) depending on the number of units that they contain, and which are representative for the expressive power of the model. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-13 Guido Montufar , Johannes Rauh , Nihat Ay

The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is a neural network based on the Ising model, well known for its ability to learn probability distributions and stochastically generate new content. However, the high computational cost of Gibbs…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-13 Li Luo , Yisheng Fang , Wanyi Zhang , Zhichao Ruan

In recent years, generative artificial neural networks based on restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) have been successfully employed as accurate and flexible variational wave functions for clean quantum many-body systems. In this article we…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-23 S. Pilati , P. Pieri

Large Language Models (LLMs) need to adapt to the continuous changes in data, tasks, and user preferences. Due to their massive size and the high costs associated with training, LLMs are not suitable for frequent retraining. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongfang Li , Zetian Sun , Xinshuo Hu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

The challenge posed by the many-body problem in quantum physics originates from the difficulty of describing the nontrivial correlations encoded in the many-body wave functions with high complexity. Quantum neural network provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 Yusen Wu , Chunyan Wei , Sujuan Qin , Qiaoyan Wen , Fei Gao

The deep Boltzmann machine (DBM) has been an important development in the quest for powerful "deep" probabilistic models. To date, simultaneous or joint training of all layers of the DBM has been largely unsuccessful with existing training…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-03-21 Guillaume Desjardins , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

We introduce a new method for training deep Boltzmann machines jointly. Prior methods of training DBMs require an initial learning pass that trains the model greedily, one layer at a time, or do not perform well on classification tasks. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-02 Ian J. Goodfellow , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is used to investigate short-range order in binary alloys. The network is trained on the data collected by Monte Carlo simulations for a simple Ising-like binary alloy model and used to calculate the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-11-01 M. A. Timirgazin , A. K. Arzhnikov

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) assume that training examples (e.g., x-ray images) are annotated with high-level concepts (e.g., types of abnormalities), and perform classification by first predicting the concepts, followed by predicting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Danis Alukaev , Semen Kiselev , Ilya Pershin , Bulat Ibragimov , Vladimir Ivanov , Alexey Kornaev , Ivan Titov

Precise physical descriptions of molecules can be obtained by solving the Schrodinger equation; however, these calculations are intractable and even approximations can be cumbersome. Force fields, which estimate interatomic potentials based…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-12-15 Peter Nekrasov , Jessica Freeze , Victor Batista

We propose ratio divergence (RD) learning for discrete energy-based models, a method that utilizes both training data and a tractable target energy function. We apply RD learning to restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs), which are a minimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-09 Yuichi Ishida , Yuma Ichikawa , Aki Dote , Toshiyuki Miyazawa , Koji Hukushima

The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) has been successfully applied to solve the many-electron Schr$\ddot{\text{o}}$dinger equation. In this work we propose a single-layer fully connected neural network adapted from RBM and apply it to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Yangjun Wu , Xiansong Xu , Dario Poletti , Yi Fan , Chu Guo , Honghui Shang

Datasets in the real world are often complex and to some degree hierarchical, with groups and sub-groups of data sharing common characteristics at different levels of abstraction. Understanding and uncovering the hidden structure of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Aurélien Decelle , Lorenzo Rosset , Beatriz Seoane

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are energy-based neural-networks which are commonly used as the building blocks for deep architectures neural architectures. In this work, we derive a deterministic framework for the training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Eric W. Tramel , Marylou Gabrié , Andre Manoel , Francesco Caltagirone , Florent Krzakala

We investigate whether quantum annealers with select chip layouts can outperform classical computers in reinforcement learning tasks. We associate a transverse field Ising spin Hamiltonian with a layout of qubits similar to that of a deep…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-07 Daniel Crawford , Anna Levit , Navid Ghadermarzy , Jaspreet S. Oberoi , Pooya Ronagh

There are many advantages to use probability method for nonlinear system identification, such as the noises and outliers in the data set do not affect the probability models significantly; the input features can be extracted in probability…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Erick de la Rosa , Wen Yu

This study investigates the application of quantum machine learning (QML) to approximate the nonlinear component of the collision operator within the quantum lattice Boltzmann method (QLBM). To achieve this, we train a variational quantum…

Geometric frustration gives rise to emergent quantum phenomena and exotic phases of matter. While Monte Carlo methods are traditionally used to simulate such systems, their sampling efficiency is limited by the complexity of interactions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-27 Pratik Brahma , Junghoon Han , Tamzid Razzaque , Saavan Patel , Sayeef Salahuddin

The quantum circuit Born machine (QCBM) is a quantum physics inspired implicit generative model naturally suitable for learning binary images, with a potential advantage of modeling discrete distributions that are hard to simulate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Pengyuan Zhai

We introduce a new portfolio credit risk model based on Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), which are stochastic neural networks capable of universal approximation of loss distributions. We test the model on an empirical dataset of…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-04-26 Giuseppe Genovese , Ashkan Nikeghbali , Nicola Serra , Gabriele Visentin