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Music is inherently made up of complex structures, and representing them as graphs helps to capture multiple levels of relationships. While music generation has been explored using various deep generation techniques, research on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Wen Qing Lim , Jinhua Liang , Huan Zhang

We consider problems in sequential decision making with natural multi-level structure, where sub-tasks are assembled together to accomplish complex goals. Systematically inferring and leveraging hierarchical structure has remained a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Sichen Yang , Mauro Maggioni

We present a novel family of language model (LM) estimation techniques named Sparse Non-negative Matrix (SNM) estimation. A first set of experiments empirically evaluating it on the One Billion Word Benchmark shows that SNM $n$-gram LMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Noam Shazeer , Joris Pelemans , Ciprian Chelba

A pooling operation is essential for effective graph-level representation learning, where the node drop pooling has become one mainstream graph pooling technology. However, current node drop pooling methods usually keep the top-k nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Chuang Liu , Yibing Zhan , Baosheng Yu , Liu Liu , Bo Du , Wenbin Hu , Tongliang Liu

This paper proposes a guided speaker embedding extraction system, which extracts speaker embeddings of the target speaker using speech activities of target and interference speakers as clues. Several methods for long-form overlapped…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Shota Horiguchi , Takafumi Moriya , Atsushi Ando , Takanori Ashihara , Hiroshi Sato , Naohiro Tawara , Marc Delcroix

Cadences are complex structures that have been driving music from the beginning of contrapuntal polyphony until today. Detecting such structures is vital for numerous MIR tasks such as musicological analysis, key detection, or music…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Emmanouil Karystinaios , Gerhard Widmer

Word2Vec's Skip Gram model is the current state-of-the-art approach for estimating the distributed representation of words. However, it assumes a single vector per word, which is not well-suited for representing words that have multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Saurav Manchanda , George Karypis

Recent progress in deep generative models has improved the quality of neural vocoders in speech domain. However, generating a high-quality singing voice remains challenging due to a wider variety of musical expressions in pitch, loudness,…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Naoya Takahashi , Mayank Kumar , Singh , Yuki Mitsufuji

A graph is chordal if every cycle of length at least four contains a chord, that is, an edge connecting two nonconsecutive vertices of the cycle. Several classical applications in sparse linear systems, database management, computer vision,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-12-07 David Bergman , Carlos H. Cardonha , Andre A. Cire , Arvind U. Raghunathan

Repetition is a basic indicator of musical structure. This study introduces new algorithms for identifying musical phrases based on repetition. Phrases combine to form sections yielding a two-level hierarchical structure. Automatically…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Shuqi Dai , Huan Zhang , Roger B. Dannenberg

Joint audio-text models are widely used for music retrieval, yet they struggle with semantic phenomena such as negation. Negation is fundamental for distinguishing the absence (or presence) of musical elements (e.g., "with vocals" vs.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yannis Vasilakis , Rachel Bittner , Johan Pauwels

Distributed word embeddings have yielded state-of-the-art performance in many NLP tasks, mainly due to their success in capturing useful semantic information. These representations assign only a single vector to each word whereas a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Shobhit Jain , Sravan Babu Bodapati , Ramesh Nallapati , Anima Anandkumar

$N$-gram language models (LM) have been largely superseded by neural LMs as the latter exhibits better performance. However, we find that $n$-gram models can achieve satisfactory performance on a large proportion of testing cases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Huayang Li , Deng Cai , Jin Xu , Taro Watanabe

Although contextualized embeddings generated from large-scale pre-trained models perform well in many tasks, traditional static embeddings (e.g., Skip-gram, Word2Vec) still play an important role in low-resource and lightweight settings due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Jiangbin Zheng , Yile Wang , Ge Wang , Jun Xia , Yufei Huang , Guojiang Zhao , Yue Zhang , Stan Z. Li

To apply neural sequence models such as the Transformers to music generation tasks, one has to represent a piece of music by a sequence of tokens drawn from a finite set of pre-defined vocabulary. Such a vocabulary usually involves tokens…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Wen-Yi Hsiao , Jen-Yu Liu , Yin-Cheng Yeh , Yi-Hsuan Yang

Many applications of cross-modal music retrieval are related to connecting sheet music images to audio recordings. A typical and recent approach to this is to learn, via deep neural networks, a joint embedding space that correlates short…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Luis Carvalho , Gerhard Widmer

There is rising interest in vector-space word embeddings and their use in NLP, especially given recent methods for their fast estimation at very large scale. Nearly all this work, however, assumes a single vector per word type ignoring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Arvind Neelakantan , Jeevan Shankar , Alexandre Passos , Andrew McCallum

In this work we aim to discover high quality speech features and linguistic units directly from unlabeled speech data in a zero resource scenario. The results are evaluated using the metrics and corpora proposed in the Zero Resource Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-02 Cheng-Tao Chung , Cheng-Yu Tsai , Hsiang-Hung Lu , Chia-Hsiang Liu , Hung-yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

Since the invention of word2vec, the skip-gram model has significantly advanced the research of network embedding, such as the recent emergence of the DeepWalk, LINE, PTE, and node2vec approaches. In this work, we show that all of the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Jiezhong Qiu , Yuxiao Dong , Hao Ma , Jian Li , Kuansan Wang , Jie Tang

With the rise of short video platforms in global communication, embedding steganographic data in audio synchronization streams has emerged as a new covert communication method. To address the limitations of traditional techniques in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Wei Meng