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This work explores better adaptation methods to low-resource languages using an external language model (LM) under the framework of transfer learning. We first build a language-independent ASR system in a unified sequence-to-sequence (S2S)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Hirofumi Inaguma , Jaejin Cho , Murali Karthick Baskar , Tatsuya Kawahara , Shinji Watanabe

We present a phoneme-level analysis of automatic speech recognition (ASR) for two low-resourced and phonologically complex East Caucasian languages, Archi and Rutul, based on curated and standardized speech-transcript resources totaling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 V. S. D. S. Mahesh Akavarapu , Michael Daniel , Gerhard Jäger

Lip Reading, or Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (V-ASR), is a complex task requiring the interpretation of spoken language exclusively from visual cues, primarily lip movements and facial expressions. This task is especially challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Marshall Thomas , Edward Fish , Richard Bowden

While neural networks have been employed to handle several different text-to-speech tasks, ours is the first system to use neural networks throughout, for both linguistic and acoustic processing. We divide the text-to-speech task into three…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Orhan Karaali , Gerald Corrigan , Noel Massey , Corey Miller , Otto Schnurr , Andrew Mackie

Despite the rapid progress of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR), it has been shown that incorporating external language models (LMs) into the decoding can further improve the recognition performance of E2E ASR systems. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jinchuan Tian , Jianwei Yu , Chao Weng , Yuexian Zou , Dong Yu

In this work, we propose a new parameter-efficient learning framework based on neural model reprogramming for cross-lingual speech recognition, which can \textbf{re-purpose} well-trained English automatic speech recognition (ASR) models to…

Code-Switching refers to the phenomenon of switching languages within a sentence or discourse. However, limited code-switching , different language phoneme-sets and high rebuilding costs throw a challenge to make the specialized acoustic…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Wei Wang , Chao Zhang , Xiaopei Wu

Recent years have witnessed significant improvement in ASR systems to recognize spoken utterances. However, it is still a challenging task for noisy and out-of-domain data, where substitution and deletion errors are prevalent in the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Mukuntha Narayanan Sundararaman , Ayush Kumar , Jithendra Vepa

We propose a bottom-up framework for automatic speech recognition (ASR) in syllable-based languages by unifying language-universal articulatory attribute modeling with syllable-level prediction. The system first recognizes sequences or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-11 Hao Yen , Pin-Jui Ku , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Chin-Hui Lee

Helping deaf and hard-of-hearing people communicate more easily is the main goal of Automatic Sign Language Translation. Although most past research has focused on turning sign language into text, doing the reverse, turning spoken English…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Kazi Mahathir Rahman , Naveed Imtiaz Nafis , Md. Farhan Sadik , Mohammad Al Rafi , Mehedi Hasan Shahed

Scaling Text-to-speech (TTS) to large-scale datasets has been demonstrated as an effective method for improving the diversity and naturalness of synthesized speech. At the high level, previous large-scale TTS models can be categorized into…

Acoustic-to-word (A2W) end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have attracted attention because of an extremely simplified architecture and fast decoding. To alleviate data sparseness issues due to infrequent words, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Hirofumi Inaguma , Masato Mimura , Shinsuke Sakai , Tatsuya Kawahara

Allophony refers to the variation in the phonetic realization of a phoneme based on its phonetic environment. Modeling allophones is crucial for atypical pronunciation assessment, which involves distinguishing atypical from typical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Kwanghee Choi , Eunjung Yeo , Kalvin Chang , Shinji Watanabe , David Mortensen

Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Voice Recognition agents are rapidly evolving healthcare by enabling efficient, accessible, and professional patient support while automating grunt work. This report serves as my self project wherein…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-21 Kabir Kumar

This paper presents a state-of-the-art model for transcribing speech in any language into the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Transcription of spoken languages into IPA is an essential yet time-consuming process in language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Chihiro Taguchi , Yusuke Sakai , Parisa Haghani , David Chiang

On-device end-to-end (E2E) models have shown improvements over a conventional model on English Voice Search tasks in both quality and latency. E2E models have also shown promising results for multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR).…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-31 Bo Li , Tara N. Sainath , Ruoming Pang , Shuo-yiin Chang , Qiumin Xu , Trevor Strohman , Vince Chen , Qiao Liang , Heguang Liu , Yanzhang He , Parisa Haghani , Sameer Bidichandani

The high cost of data acquisition makes Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model training problematic for most existing languages, including languages that do not even have a written script, or for which the phone inventories remain…

Sequence-to-sequence attention-based models integrate an acoustic, pronunciation and language model into a single neural network, which make them very suitable for multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-15 Shiyu Zhou , Shuang Xu , Bo Xu

Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (V-ASR) is a challenging task that involves interpreting spoken language solely from visual information, such as lip movements and facial expressions. This task is notably challenging due to the absence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Matthew Kit Khinn Teng , Haibo Zhang , Takeshi Saitoh

UniSpeech has achieved superior performance in cross-lingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) by explicitly aligning latent representations to phoneme units using multi-task self-supervised learning. While the learned representations…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Hongfei Xue , Qijie Shao , Peikun Chen , Pengcheng Guo , Lei Xie , Jie Liu