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Safe reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to mitigate unsafe behaviors that arise from exploration during training by reducing constraint violations while maintaining task performance. Existing approaches typically rely on a single policy to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Murad Dawood , Usama Ahmed Siddiquie , Shahram Khorshidi , Maren Bennewitz

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful data-driven control method that has been largely explored in autonomous driving tasks. However, conventional RL approaches learn control policies through trial-and-error interactions with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Tianyu Shi , Dong Chen , Kaian Chen , Zhaojian Li

In this article, we aim to provide a literature review of different formulations and approaches to continual reinforcement learning (RL), also known as lifelong or non-stationary RL. We begin by discussing our perspective on why RL is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Khimya Khetarpal , Matthew Riemer , Irina Rish , Doina Precup

Inverter-based distributed energy resources provide the possibility for fast time-scale voltage control by quickly adjusting their reactive power. The power-electronic interfaces allow these resources to realize almost arbitrary control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-05 Wenqi Cui , Jiayi Li , Baosen Zhang

We study constrained reinforcement learning (CRL) from a novel perspective by setting constraints directly on state density functions, rather than the value functions considered by previous works. State density has a clear physical and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Zengyi Qin , Yuxiao Chen , Chuchu Fan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a variety of robotics applications, where it outperforms classical methods. However, the safety aspect of RL and the transfer to the real world remain an open challenge. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Murad Dawood , Ahmed Shokry , Maren Bennewitz

In safe Reinforcement Learning (RL), safety cost is typically defined as a function dependent on the immediate state and actions. In practice, safety constraints can often be non-Markovian due to the insufficient fidelity of state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Siow Meng Low , Akshat Kumar

This work aims to synthesize a controller that ensures that an unknown discrete-time system is incrementally input-to-state stable ($\delta$-ISS). In this work, we introduce the notion of $\delta$-ISS control Lyapunov function…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Ahan Basu , Bhabani Shankar Dey , Pushpak Jagtap

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising tool to solve robust optimal well control problems where the model parameters are highly uncertain, and the system is partially observable in practice. However, RL of robust control policies often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Atish Dixit , Ahmed H. ElSheikh

Robotic arms are increasingly deployed in uncertain environments, yet conventional control pipelines often become rigid and brittle when exposed to perturbations or incomplete information. Virtual Model Control (VMC) enables compliant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jingzehua Xu , Yangyang Li , Yangfei Chen , Guanwen Xie , Shuai Zhang

For all its successes, Reinforcement Learning (RL) still struggles to deliver formal guarantees on the closed-loop behavior of the learned policy. Among other things, guaranteeing the safety of RL with respect to safety-critical systems is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-03 Sebastien Gros , Mario Zanon , Alberto Bemporad

Learning from Demonstration (LfD) is a powerful method for enabling robots to perform novel tasks as it is often more tractable for a non-roboticist end-user to demonstrate the desired skill and for the robot to efficiently learn from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Yue Yang , Letian Chen , Matthew Gombolay

In this paper, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based approach to the Lyapunov optimization is considered to minimize the time-average penalty while maintaining queue stability. A proper construction of state and action spaces is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Sohee Bae , Seungyul Han , Youngchul Sung

In this paper, we address the stabilization problem for force-controlled nonholonomic mobile robots under safety-critical constraints. We propose a continuous, time-invariant control law based on the gamma m-quadratic programming (gamma…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Bo Wang , Tianyu Han , Guangwei Wang

Designing optimal controllers continues to be challenging as systems are becoming complex and are inherently nonlinear. The principal advantage of reinforcement learning (RL) is its ability to learn from the interaction with the environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Savinay Nagendra , Nikhil Podila , Rashmi Ugarakhod , Koshy George

This paper introduces a flight envelope protection algorithm on a longitudinal axis that leverages reinforcement learning (RL). By considering limits on variables such as angle of attack, load factor, and pitch rate, the algorithm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Akin Catak , Ege C. Altunkaya , Mustafa Demir , Emre Koyuncu , Ibrahim Ozkol

The application of reinforcement learning to safety-critical systems is limited by the lack of formal methods for verifying the robustness and safety of learned policies. This paper introduces a novel framework that addresses this gap by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ahmed Nasir , Abdelhafid Zenati

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved tremendous success in many complex decision-making tasks of autonomous systems with high-dimensional state and/or action spaces. However, the safety and stability still remain major concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Hongpeng Cao , Yanbing Mao , Lui Sha , Marco Caccamo

We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to model optimal exercise strategies for option-type products. We pursue the RL avenue in order to learn the optimal action-value function of the underlying stopping problem. In addition to…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-27 John Ery , Loris Michel

This paper applies a reinforcement learning (RL) method to solve infinite horizon continuous-time stochastic linear quadratic problems, where drift and diffusion terms in the dynamics may depend on both the state and control. Based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-17 Na Li , Xun Li , Jing Peng , Zuo Quan Xu