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We present a novel implementation of a soft sphere, discrete elements code to simulate the dynamics of self-gravitating granular materials. The code is used to study the outcome of sub-sonic collisions between self-gravitating rubble piles…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-22 Job Guidos , Lucas Kolanz , Davide Lazzati

There is increasing evidence that many km-sized bodies in the Solar System are piles of rubble bound together by gravity. We present results from a project to map the parameter space of collisions between km-sized spherical rubble piles.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Z. M. Leinhardt , D. C. Richardson , T. Quinn

Many small bodies in the solar system are believed to be rubble piles, a collection of smaller elements separated by voids. We propose a model for the structure of a self-gravitating rubble pile. Static friction prevents its elements from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-12 Peter Goldreich , Re'em Sari

Context. Rotational instability of rubble-pile asteroids can trigger mass shedding, forming transient debris clouds that may provide the initial conditions for secondary formation in binary systems. Aims. We investigate the dynamical and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-16 Yutian Wu , Xiaojing Zhang , Chenyang Huang , Yang Yu

In this work, models of rubble pile binary secondaries are simulated in different spin states in a system similar in size and scale to Didymos-Dimorphos. The numerical modeling is performed in the N-body Chrono-based software GRAINS, which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Ethan R. Burnett , Iosto Fodde , Fabio Ferrari

The paper presents results of investigations of small bodies dynamics in a vicinity of giant planets. We used the most simple body model: gravitationally bounded, rotating contact binary affected by the tidal force acting from a planet.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-08 Ryszard Gabryszewski

Solar system small bodies come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, which are achieved following very individual evolutional paths through billions of years. This paper focuses on the reshaping process of rubble-pile asteroids driven by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-03 Yang Yu , Derek C. Richardson , Patrick Michel

In this work, we apply a soft-sphere discrete element method (SSDEM) within the PKDGRAV N-body integrator to investigate the formation of planetesimal systems through the gravitational collapse of clouds of super-particles. Previously…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Jackson T. Barnes , Stephen R. Schwartz , Seth A. Jacobson

In this work, we employ a soft-sphere discrete element method with a cohesion implementation to model the dynamical process of sub-km-sized cohesive rubble piles under continuous spinup. The dependencies of critical spin periods $T_c$ on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Shoucun Hu , Derek C. Richardson , Yun Zhang , Jianghui Ji

Recent observations of tidal debris around galaxies have revealed that the structural properties of the spheroidal components of tidally disturbed galaxies are similar to those found in non-interacting early-type galaxies(ETGs), likely due…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-03-04 Victor H. Robles , L. A. Martinez-Medina , T. Matos

The WD 1145+017 system shows irregular transit features that are consistent with the tidal disruption of differentiated asteroids with bulk densities $< 4$ g cm$^{-3}$ and bulk masses $\lesssim 10^{21}$ kg (Veras et al., 2017;…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-06 Girish M. Duvvuri , Seth Redfield , Dimitri Veras

Remote measurements and in-situ observations confirm the idea that asteroids up to few hundreds of meters in size might be rubble piles. The dynamics of these objects can be studied using N-body simulations of gravitational aggregation. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-24 Fabio Ferrari , Paolo Tanga

Recent observational results show that very low mass stars and brown dwarfs are able to host close-in rocky planets. Low-mass stars are the most abundant stars in the Galaxy and the formation efficiency of their planetary systems is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-20 Mariana B. Sánchez , Gonzalo C. de Elía , Juan José Downes

Stars grazing supermassive black holes on bound orbits may produce periodic flares over many passages, known as repeating partial tidal disruption events (TDEs). Here, we present 3D hydrodynamic simulations of sun-like stars over multiple…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-30 Chang Liu , Ricardo Yarza , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

We present an approach for the inclusion of non-spherical constituents in high-resolution N-body discrete element method (DEM) simulations. We use aggregates composed of bonded spheres to model non-spherical components. Though the method…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-21 Julian C. Marohnic , Joseph V. DeMartini , Derek C. Richardson , Yun Zhang , Kevin J. Walsh

We present a series of numerical simulations using a shock physics smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code, investigating energetic impacts on small celestial bodies characterised by diverse internal structures, ranging from weak and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-19 S. D. Raducan , M. Jutzi , C. C. Merrill , P. Michel , Y. Zhang , M. Hirabayashi , A. Mainzer

Tidal interactions between disc galaxies depend on galaxy structure, but the details of this relationship are incompletely understood. I have constructed a three-parameter grid of bulge/disc/halo models broadly consistent with $\Lambda$CDM,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-10-14 Joshua E. Barnes

We make use of a new hybrid method to simulate the long-term, multiple-orbit disc formation through tidal disruptions of rocky bodies by white dwarfs, at high-resolution and realistic semi-major axis. We perform the largest-yet suite of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Uri Malamud , Hagai Perets

Resolved images suggest that asymmetric structures are a common feature of cold debris disks. While planets close to these disks are rarely detected, their hidden presence and gravitational perturbations provide plausible explanations for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-19 J. A. Sende , T. Löhne

We calculate the evolution of planets undergoing a strong tidal encounter using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), for a range of periastron separations. We find that outside the Roche limit, the evolution of the planet is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Joshua A. Faber , Frederic A. Rasio , Bart Willems
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