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Related papers: AReLU: Attention-based Rectified Linear Unit

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The rectified linear unit (ReLU) is a highly successful activation function in neural networks as it allows networks to easily obtain sparse representations, which reduces overfitting in overparameterized networks. However, in network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Shiyu Liu , Rohan Ghosh , Dylan Tan , Mehul Motani

Activation in deep neural networks is fundamental to achieving non-linear mappings. Traditional studies mainly focus on finding fixed activations for a particular set of learning tasks or model architectures. The research on flexible…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Renlong Jie , Junbin Gao , Andrey Vasnev , Min-ngoc Tran

Training reinforcement learning (RL) agents often requires significant computational resources and prolonged training durations. To address this challenge, we build upon prior work that introduced a neural architecture with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Junaid Muzaffar , Khubaib Ahmed , Ingo Frommholz , Zeeshan Pervez , Ahsan ul Haq

Gated Linear Units (GLU) have shown great potential in enhancing neural network performance. In this paper, I introduce a novel attention mechanism called GLU Attention, which introduces nonlinearity into the values of Attention. My…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zehao Wang

We describe an algorithm that learns two-layer residual units using rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation: suppose the input $\mathbf{x}$ is from a distribution with support space $\mathbb{R}^d$ and the ground-truth generative model is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zhunxuan Wang , Linyun He , Chunchuan Lyu , Shay B. Cohen

We study the problem of training deep neural networks with Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation function using gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent. In particular, we study the binary classification problem and show that for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Difan Zou , Yuan Cao , Dongruo Zhou , Quanquan Gu

Sensor-based human activity recognition (HAR) requires to predict the action of a person based on sensor-generated time series data. HAR has attracted major interest in the past few years, thanks to the large number of applications enabled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Davide Buffelli , Fabio Vandin

In this paper we study the problem of learning Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs) which are functions of the form $max(0,<w,x>)$ with $w$ denoting the weight vector. We study this problem in the high-dimensional regime where the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Despite their widespread success, deep neural networks remain critically vulnerable to adversarial attacks, posing significant risks in safety-sensitive applications. This paper investigates activation functions as a crucial yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yunrui Yu , Kafeng Wang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Exponential Linear Units (ELUs) are a useful rectifier for constructing deep learning architectures, as they may speed up and otherwise improve learning by virtue of not have vanishing gradients and by having mean activations near zero.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-26 Jonathan T. Barron

Despite the empirical success of DNN, their internal training dynamics remain difficult to characterize. In ReLU-based models, the activation pattern induced by a given input determines the piecewise-linear region in which the network…

Classification of biological images is an important task with crucial application in many fields, such as cell phenotypes recognition, detection of cell organelles and histopathological classification, and it might help in early medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Loris Nanni , Alessandra Lumini , Stefano Ghidoni , Gianluca Maguolo

We introduce stochastic activations. This novel strategy randomly selects between several non-linear functions in the feed-forward layer of a large language model. In particular, we choose between SILU or RELU depending on a Bernoulli draw.…

Deep neural networks have recently achieved state-of-the-art results in many machine learning problems, e.g., speech recognition or object recognition. Hitherto, work on rectified linear units (ReLU) provides empirical and theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-12 Jakub Mikolaj Tomczak

The primary neural networks decision-making units are activation functions. Moreover, they evaluate the output of networks neural node; thus, they are essential for the performance of the whole network. Hence, it is critical to choose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Tomasz Szandała

To enhance the computational efficiency of quantized Transformers, we replace the dot-product and Softmax-based attention with an alternative mechanism involving addition and ReLU activation only. This side-steps the expansion to double…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Rickard Brännvall , Andrei Stoian

Deep learning models are effective for sequential data modeling, yet commonly used activation functions such as ReLU, LeakyReLU, and PReLU often exhibit gradient instability when applied to noisy, non-stationary financial time series. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 George Awiakye-Marfo , Elijah Agbosu , Victoria Mawuena Barns , Samuel Asante Gyamerah

Facial action unit (AU) detection and face alignment are two highly correlated tasks since facial landmarks can provide precise AU locations to facilitate the extraction of meaningful local features for AU detection. Most existing AU…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Zhiwen Shao , Zhilei Liu , Jianfei Cai , Lizhuang Ma

Activation functions have a notorious impact on neural networks on both training and testing the models against the desired problem. Currently, the most used activation function is the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU). This paper introduces a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Eric Alcaide

Despite their prevalence in neural networks we still lack a thorough theoretical characterization of ReLU layers. This paper aims to further our understanding of ReLU layers by studying how the activation function ReLU interacts with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Sören Dittmer , Emily J. King , Peter Maass