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Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a widely used technique in functional data analysis for identifying the primary sources of variation in a sample of random curves. The eigenfunctions obtained from standard FPCA typically…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-04 Maria Laura Battagliola , Jan O. Bauer

Predicting missing segments in partially observed functions is challenging due to infinite-dimensionality, complex dependence within and across observations, and irregular noise. These challenges are further exacerbated by the existence of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Fangyi Wang , Sebastian Kurtek , Yuan Zhang

Sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) has emerged as a powerful technique for modern data analysis, providing improved interpretation of low-rank structures by identifying localized spatial structures in the data and disambiguating…

The analysis of complex computer simulations, often involving functional data, presents unique statistical challenges. Conventional regression methods, such as function-on-function regression, typically associate functional outcomes with…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-11 R. Jacob Andros , Rajarshi Guhaniyogi , Devin Francom , Donatella Pasqualini

In Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), sensor measurements and derived features such as eigenfrequencies often exhibit systematic daily patterns and can therefore be naturally represented as functional data. Furthermore, these patterns are…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Philipp Wittenberg , Lizzie Neumann , Kristof Maes , Jan Gertheiss

In modeling spatial processes, a second-order stationarity assumption is often made. However, for spatial data observed on a vast domain, the covariance function often varies over space, leading to a heterogeneous spatial dependence…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-09 Ghulam A. Qadir , Ying Sun , Sebastian Kurtek

A crucial assumption to reduce computational complexity in spatial-temporal data analysis is separability, which factors the covariance structure into a purely spatial and a purely temporal component. In this paper, we develop statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Lujia Bai , Holger Dette , Zihao Yuan

Recent advances in local models for point processes have highlighted the need for flexible methodologies to account for the spatial heterogeneity of external covariates influencing process intensity. In this work, we introduce tessellated…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-11 Nicoletta D'Angelo

Functional data often arise from measurements on fine time grids and are obtained by separating an almost continuous time record into natural consecutive intervals, for example, days. The functions thus obtained form a functional time…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-14 Siegfried Hörmann , Piotr Kokoszka

The conditional copula model arises when the dependence between random variables is influenced by another covariate. Despite its importance in modelling complex dependence structures, there are very few fully nonparametric approaches to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Toihir Soulaimana Djaloud , Cheikh Tidiane Seck

This work proposes a new procedure for estimating the non-stationary spatial covariance function for Spatial-Temporal Deformation. The proposed procedure is based on a monotonic function approach. The deformation functions are expanded as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-05 Yangyang Chen , Pedro Alberto Morettin , Ronaldo Dias , Chang Chiann

We study regression using functional predictors in situations where these functions contain both phase and amplitude variability. In other words, the functions are misaligned due to errors in time measurements, and these errors can…

Applications · Statistics 2019-04-26 J. Derek Tucker , John Lewis , Anuj Srivastava

Second-order characteristics including covariance and spectral density functions are fundamentally important for both statistical applications and theoretical analysis in functional time series. In the high-dimensional setting where the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Bufan Li , Xinghao Qiao , Weichi Wu , Holger Dette

In climate studies, detecting spatial patterns that largely deviate from the sample mean still remains a statistical challenge. Although a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), or equivalently a Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Alberto Bernacchia , Philippe Naveau

Within the framework of functional data analysis, we develop principal component analysis for periodically correlated time series of functions. We define the components of the above analysis including periodic, operator-valued filters,…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-02 Łukasz Kidziński , Piotr Kokoszka , Neda Mohammadi Jouzdani

Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a key tool in the study of functional data, driving both exploratory analyses and feature construction for use in formal modeling and testing procedures. However, existing methods for FPCA…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Caitrin Murphy , Eric Laber , Rhonda Merwin , Brian Reich , Jake Koerner

Many modern datasets, from areas such as neuroimaging and geostatistics, come in the form of a random sample of tensor-valued data which can be understood as noisy observations of a smooth multidimensional random function. Most of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-18 William Consagra , Arun Venkataraman , Xing Qiu

Functional principal component analysis is one of the most commonly employed approaches in functional and longitudinal data analysis and we extend it to analyze functional/longitudinal data observed on a general $d$-dimensional domain. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-07 Lu-Hung Chen , Ci-Ren Jiang

We introduce Adaptive Functional Principal Component Analysis, a novel method to capture directions of variation in functional data that exhibit sharp changes in smoothness. We first propose a new adaptive scatterplot smoothing technique…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Angel Garcia de la Garza , Britton Sauerbrei , Adam Hantman , Jeff Goldsmith

In several environmental applications data are functions of time, essentially con- tinuous, observed and recorded discretely, and spatially correlated. Most of the methods for analyzing such data are extensions of spatial statistical tools…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-06-28 Elvira Romano , Antonio Balzanella , Rosanna Verde
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