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The transverse spatial mode of photons is an untapped resource for scaling up integrated photonic quantum computing. To be practically useful for improving scalability, reliable and high-visibility quantum interference between transverse…

We present a general theory to describe two-photon interference, including a formal description of few photon intereference in terms of single-photon amplitudes. With this formalism, it is possible to describe both frequency entangled and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. G. Lapaire , J. E. Sipe

The phenomenon of entanglement is the basis of quantum information and quantum communication processes. Entangled systems with a large number of photons are of great interest at present because they provide a platform for streaming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 A. Ferreri , V. Ansari , B. Brecht , C. Silberhorn , P. R. Sharapova

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is a quantum optics laboratory experiment that has recently become more accessible to undergraduate students. The experiment consists of two identical photons simultaneously entering a non-polarizing beam…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-09-06 Cyrus Bjurlin , Theresa Chmiel

One of the central principles of quantum mechanics is that if there are multiple paths that lead to the same event, and there is no way to distinguish between them, interference occurs. It is usually assumed that distinguishing information…

According to the identity principle in quantum theory, states of a system consisted of identical particles should maintain unchanged under interchanging between two of the particles. The whole wavefunction should be symmetrized or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-08 Wei-Tao Liu , Wei Wu , Ping-Xing Chen , Cheng-Zu Li , Jian-Min Yuan

Multi-photon interference in large multi-port interferometers is key to linear optical quantum computing and in particular to boson sampling. Silicon photonics enables complex interferometric circuits with many components in a small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Bryn A. Bell , Guillaume S. Thekkadath , Renyou Ge , Xinlun Cai , Ian A. Walmsley

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is one of the most intriguing quantum optical phenomena and crucial in performing quantum optical communication and computation tasks. Lately, twin beam emitters such as those relying on the process of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 K. Laiho , T. Dirmeier , G. Shafiee , Ch. Marquardt

The interference of non-classical states of light enables quantum-enhanced applications reaching from metrology to computation. Most commonly, the polarisation or spatial location of single photons are used as addressable degrees-of-freedom…

The second-order temporal interference of classical and nonclassical light at an asymmetrical beam splitter is discussed based on two-photon interference in Feynman's path integral theory. The visibility of the second-order interference…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-01 Jianbin Liu , Jingjing Wang , Zhuo Xu

When light propagates through complex media, its output spatial distribution is highly sensitive to its wavelength. This fundamentally limits the bandwidth of applications ranging from imaging to communication. Here, we demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Ronen Shekel , Ohad Lib , Sébastien M. Popoff , Yaron Bromberg

We provide a tool for measuring the Stokes parameters and the degree of polarization of single photons by employing second order interference, namely the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometer. It is shown that the technique is able to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-22 Guilherme P. Temporão , Pedro Ripper , Thiago B. Guerreiro , Gustavo C. do Amaral

We explore the multiparticle transition probabilities in Gaussian unitaries effected by a two-mode Bogoliubov bosonic transformation on the mode annihilation and creation operators. We show that the transition probabilities can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-09 Michael G. Jabbour , Nicolas J. Cerf

Multi-photon interference reveals strictly non-classical phenomena. Its applications range from fundamental tests of quantum mechanics to photonic quantum information processing, where a significant fraction of key experiments achieved so…

Integrated quantum optics has drastically reduced the size of table-top optical experiments to the chip-scale, allowing for demonstrations of large-scale quantum information processing and quantum simulation. However, despite these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-27 Aseema Mohanty , Mian Zhang , Avik Dutt , Sven Ramelow , Paulo Nussenzveig , Michal Lipson

We demonstrate two-photon interference using two remote single molecules as bright solid-state sources of indistinguishable photons. By varying the transition frequency and spectral width of one molecule, we tune and explore the effect of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 R. Lettow , Y. L. A. Rezus , A. Renn , G. Zumofen , E. Ikonen , S. Goetzinger , V. Sandoghdar

The quantum interference between a coherent state and a single photon is an important tool in continuous variable optical quantum technologies to characterize and engineer non-Gaussian quantum states. Semiconductor quantum dots, which have…

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is a hallmark of nonclassical two-photon interference. This paper develops a unified theory-numerics framework to compute angle-resolved far-field two-photon correlations from arbitrary lossless dielectric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Chengnian Huang , Hangyu Ge , Yijia Cheng , Zi He , Feng Liu , Wei E. I. Sha

A number of recent interference experiments involving multiple photons are reviewed. These experiments include generalized photon bunching effects, generalized Hong-Ou-Mandel interference effects and multi-photon interferometry for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Z. Y. Ou

Interference experiments provide a simple yet powerful tool to unravel fundamental features of quantum physics. Here we engineer an RF-driven, time-dependent bilinear coupling that can be tuned to implement a robust 50:50 beamsplitter…