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Deep neural networks are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples, which are inputs with small, carefully crafted perturbations that cause misclassification -- making adversarial attacks a critical tool for evaluating robustness. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Hanrui Wang , Ching-Chun Chang , Chun-Shien Lu , Christopher Leckie , Isao Echizen

Recent studies have highlighted that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, even in a black-box scenario. However, most of the existing black-box attack algorithms need to make a huge amount of queries to perform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-11 Yali Du , Meng Fang , Jinfeng Yi , Jun Cheng , Dacheng Tao

Compared to query-based black-box attacks, transfer-based black-box attacks do not require any information of the attacked models, which ensures their secrecy. However, most existing transfer-based approaches rely on ensembling multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Hao Huang , Ziyan Chen , Huanran Chen , Yongtao Wang , Kevin Zhang

Recently deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved significant success in real-world image super-resolution (SR). However, adversarial image samples with quasi-imperceptible noises could threaten deep learning SR models. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Jiutao Yue , Haofeng Li , Pengxu Wei , Guanbin Li , Liang Lin

This work investigates efficient score-based black-box adversarial attacks that achieve a high Attack Success Rate (ASR) and good generalization ability. We propose a novel attack framework, termed DifAttack++, which operates in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jun Liu , Jiantao Zhou , Jiandian Zeng , Jinyu Tian , Isao Echizen

Package spar for R builds ensembles of predictive generalized linear models with high-dimensional predictors. It employs an algorithm utilizing variable screening and random projection tools to efficiently handle the computational…

Computation · Statistics 2024-11-28 Roman Parzer , Laura Vana-Gür , Peter Filzmoser

Crafting adversarial examples is crucial for evaluating and enhancing the robustness of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), presenting a challenge equivalent to maximizing a non-differentiable 0-1 loss function. However, existing single objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ping Guo , Cheng Gong , Xi Lin , Fei Liu , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang , Zhenkun Wang

Deep Neural Networks are known to be vulnerable to small, adversarially crafted, perturbations. The current most effective defense methods against these adversarial attacks are variants of adversarial training. In this paper, we introduce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Can Bakiskan , Metehan Cekic , Ahmet Dundar Sezer , Upamanyu Madhow

Sparse adversarial attacks fool deep neural networks (DNNs) through minimal pixel perturbations, often regularized by the $\ell_0$ norm. Recent efforts have replaced this norm with a structural sparsity regularizer, such as the nuclear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Shpresim Sadiku , Moritz Wagner , Sebastian Pokutta

Black-box query-based attacks constitute significant threats to Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) systems since they can generate adversarial examples without accessing the target model's architecture and parameters. Traditional defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Ping Guo , Xiang Li , Zhiyuan Yang , Xi Lin , Qingchuan Zhao , Qingfu Zhang

Adversarial black-box attacks aim to craft adversarial perturbations by querying input-output pairs of machine learning models. They are widely used to evaluate the robustness of pre-trained models. However, black-box attacks often suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Lu Wang , Huan Zhang , Jinfeng Yi , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Yuan Jiang

We study black-box adversarial attacks for image classifiers in a constrained threat model, where adversaries can only modify a small fraction of pixels in the form of scratches on an image. We show that it is possible for adversaries to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Malhar Jere , Loris Rossi , Briland Hitaj , Gabriela Ciocarlie , Giacomo Boracchi , Farinaz Koushanfar

We present the framework of slowly varying regression under sparsity, allowing sparse regression models to exhibit slow and sparse variations. The problem of parameter estimation is formulated as a mixed-integer optimization problem. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Dimitris Bertsimas , Vassilis Digalakis , Michael Linghzi Li , Omar Skali Lami

The transferability of adversarial examples is of central importance to transfer-based black-box adversarial attacks. Previous works for generating transferable adversarial examples focus on attacking \emph{given} pretrained surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Tao Wu , Tie Luo , Donald C. Wunsch

Deep learning models are used in safety-critical tasks such as automated driving and face recognition. However, small perturbations in the model input can significantly change the predictions. Adversarial attacks are used to identify small…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Issa Oe , Keiichiro Yamamura , Hiroki Ishikura , Ryo Hamahira , Katsuki Fujisawa

Sparse neural networks have shown similar or better generalization performance than their dense counterparts while having higher parameter efficiency. This has motivated a number of works to learn or search for high performing sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Rezsa Farahani

The transfer-based black-box adversarial attack setting poses the challenge of crafting an adversarial example (AE) on known surrogate models that remain effective against unseen target models. Due to the practical importance of this task,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Meixi Zheng , Kehan Wu , Yanbo Fan , Rui Huang , Baoyuan Wu

We investigate how an adversary can optimally use its query budget for targeted evasion attacks against deep neural networks in a black-box setting. We formalize the problem setting and systematically evaluate what benefits the adversary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Mika Juuti , Buse Gul Atli , N. Asokan

Adversarial machine learning is an emerging area showing the vulnerability of deep learning models. Exploring attack methods to challenge state of the art artificial intelligence (A.I.) models is an area of critical concern. The reliability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Samet Bayram , Kenneth Barner

Assessing the robustness of multimodal models against adversarial examples is an important aspect for the safety of its users. We craft L0-norm perturbation attacks on the preprocessed input images. We launch them in a black-box setup…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Cristian-Alexandru Botocan , Raphael Meier , Ljiljana Dolamic