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The observed dark matter abundance in the Universe can be explained with non-thermal, heavy dark matter models. In order for dark matter to still be present today, its lifetime has to far exceed the age of the Universe. In these scenarios,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-27 Minjin Jeong

The visualization of the magnetic responses of a two-dimensional (2D) superconducting material on the nanoscale is a powerful approach to unravel the underlying supercurrent behavior and to investigate critical phenomena in reduced…

We perform a systematic study of the dynamics of dust particles in protoplanetary disks with embedded planets using global 2-D and 3-D inviscid hydrodynamic simulations. Lagrangian particles have been implemented into magnetohydrodynamic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Zhaohuan Zhu , James M. Stone , Roman R. Rafikov , Xuening Bai

We investigate the dynamics of large dust grains in massive lopsided transition discs via 2D hydrodynamical simulations including both gas and dust. Our simulations adopt a ring-like gas density profile that becomes unstable against the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-04 Clément Baruteau , Zhaohuan Zhu

We investigate the enrichment patterns of several delivery scenarios of the volatiles to the atmospheres of ice giants, having in mind that the only well constrained determination made remotely, i.e. the carbon abundance measurement,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 O. Mousis , A. Aguichine , D. H. Atkinson , S. K. Atreya , T. Cavalié , J. I. Lunine , K. E. Mandt , T. Ronnet

Recent analysis of Gemini-North/NIFS H-band (1.45 - 1.8 $\mu$m) observations of Uranus, recorded in 2010, with recently updated line data has revealed the spectral signature of hydrogen sulphide (H$_2$S) in Uranus's atmosphere (Irwin et…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-14 Patrick G. J. Irwin , Daniel Toledo , Ryan Garland , Nicholas A. Teanby , Leigh N. Fletcher , Glenn S. Orton , Bruno Bézard

We investigated vortex dynamics in a single-crystal sample of type-II superconductor NbSe$_{2}$ using scanning tunneling microscopy at 4.2 K. The decay of the magnetic field at a few nT/s in our superconducting magnet induced the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2011-09-01 Jonghee Lee , Hui Wang , Michael Dreyer , Helmuth Berger , Barry I. Barker

Neptune has brightened by more than 10% during the past several decades. We report on the analysis of published Johnson-Cousins B and V magnitudes dating back to 1954 along with new U, B, V, R, Rc, I and Ic photometry that we recorded…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-05 Richard W. Schmude , Ronald E. Baker , Jim Fox , Bruce A. Krobusek , Hristo Pavlov , Anthony Mallama

We fit an isothermal oscillatory density model of Neptune's protoplanetary disk to the surviving regular satellites and its innermost ring and we determine the radial scale length of the disk, the equation of state and the central density…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-05 Dimitris M. Christodoulou , Demosthenes Kazanas

We carry out extensive direct numerical simulations (DNSs) to investigate the interaction of active particles and fields in the two-dimensional (2D) Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) superfluid, in both simple and turbulent flows. The particles are…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-01-31 Vishwanath Shukla , Rahul Pandit , Marc Brachet

The ratio of deuterium to hydrogen (D/H ratio) of Solar System bodies is an important clue to their formation histories. Here we fit a Neptunian atmospheric model to Gemini Near Infrared Spectrograph (GNIRS) high spectral resolution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-30 Daniel V. Cotton , Lucyna L. Kedziora-Chudczer , Kimberly Bott , Jeremy Bailey

In superconductors, the search for special vortex states such as giant vortices focuses on laterally confined or nanopatterned thin superconducting films, disks, rings, or polygons. We examine the possibility to realize giant vortex states…

Superconductivity · Physics 2008-03-06 V. N. Gladilin , J. Tempere , I. F. Silvera , J. T. Devreese , V. V. Moshchalkov

The origin of the dense gas cloud G2 discovered in the Galactic Center (Gillessen et al. 2012) is still a debated puzzle. G2 might be a diffuse cloud or the result of an outflow from an invisible star embedded in it. We present here…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 A. Ballone , M. Schartmann , A. Burkert , S. Gillessen , R. Genzel , T. K. Fritz , F. Eisenhauer , O. Pfuhl , T. Ott

While small, Neptune-like planets are among the most abundant exoplanets, our understanding of their atmospheric structure and dynamics remains sparse. In particular, many unknowns remain on the way moist convection works in these…

We present an analysis of all currently available ground-based imaging of Neptune in the mid-infrared. Dating between 2003 and 2020, the images reveal changes in Neptune's mid-infrared ($\sim 8-25\mu$m) emission over time in the years…

Uranus provides a unique laboratory to test our understanding of planetary atmospheres under extreme conditions. Multi-spectral observations from Voyager, ground-based observatories, and space telescopes have revealed a delicately banded…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-14 Leigh N. Fletcher

Understanding of cloud microphysics and the evolution of cloud structures in sub-stellar atmospheres remains a key challenge in the JWST era. The abundance of new JWST data necessitates models that are suitable for coupling with large-scale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-19 Elspeth K. H. Lee , Kazumasa Ohno

Three sudden spin-down events, termed `anti-glitches', were recently discovered in the accreting pulsar NGC 300 ULX-1 by the \textit{Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer} (NICER) mission. Unlike previous anti-glitches detected in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-01 G. Howitt , A. Melatos

(abridged) Vortices are believed to play a role in the formation of km-sized planetesimals. However, vortex dynamics is commonly studied in non-self-gravitating discs. The main goal here is to examine the effects of disc self-gravity on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. R. Mamatsashvili , W. K. M. Rice

Observations of transiting gas giant exoplanets have revealed a pervasive depletion of methane, which has only recently been identified atmospherically. The depletion is thought to be maintained by disequilibrium processes such as…